Design optimization of air distribution systems in non-residential buildings

Jorens, Sandy; Verhaert, Ivan; Sörensen, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.07.018

Cited by 18 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Duct design tools should incorporate more detailed load information along with weather data files and operational models to produce a ducting system optimized for the lowest lifetime air-moving cost to the consumer. This is a complicated, multi-objective optimization problem that has been examined by many 80/125 researchers, such as Besant and Asiedu [48], Tsal et al [49], Caldas and Norford [50], and Jorens et al [51]. Residential duct designers need a product that can be used by nonexpert practitioners to design residential duct systems for the lowest lifetime cost.…”

Section: Background: Nzertf Gaithersburg Marylandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Development and Field Monitoring in nZEB - US Country report IEA HPT Annex 49 Task 3

Baxter

Technologies²,

Abu-Heiba

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The International Energy Agency (IEA) Heat Pumping Technologies (HPT) Annex 49, "Design and Integration of Heat Pumps for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings," deals with the application of heat pumps (HPs) as a core component of the HVAC system for nearly or net-zero energy buildings. This report covers the Task 3 activities of the US team. Three institutions are involved on the US team and have worked on the following projects. • Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) summarized development activities since the conclusion of IEA HPT Annex 40 for several integrated HP (IHP) systems-electric groundsource IHP and air-source IHP versions and engine-driven AS-IHP version. • The University of Maryland partnered with ORNL and Blue Bear Management to develop a personal cooling device called RoCo that can provide personalized conditioned air to occupants in inadequately or unconditioned environments. With RoCo, building facility management can elevate the HVAC thermostat settings without compromising occupants' thermal comfort. Researchers have found that a 4°F increase in thermostat settings can save 12-30% energy savings. Therefore, RoCo is a promising technology that can help reduce building energy consumption and facilitate achievement of net-zero energy building performance. • The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is working on a field study effort on the NIST Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility. Two air-source split-system HPs were installed in a residential, net-zero energy home that was constructed as a laboratory on the NIST campus in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The first HP was a two-stage, 7 kW (2 ton), 15.8 seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), 9.05 heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) conventionally ducted system; the second HP was a variable-speed, 10.6 kW (3 ton), 14 SEER, 8.35 HSPF, high-velocity ducted system. These two systems operated side by side, using separate supply ducts and a common return duct, on a weekly alternating schedule to condition the home that was operated with very consistent simulated thermal loads. The team wanted to determine whether the high-velocity system could provide comparable energy-use efficiency to the conventional system. The results of this study showed that it did meet the required loads and had slightly greater efficiency; the average cooling coefficient of performance (COP) was (0.40 ± 0.11) higher, and the average heating COP was statistically equal. A new firmware was provided at the end of the heating season that greatly improved the performance of the high-velocity system; its average heating COP went from (1.8 ± 0.9) to (2.5 ± 1.1) at a 95% confidence level. The new firmware heating COP averaged (1.05 ± 0.23) higher than the old firmware over the same outdoor temperatures. The defrost performance is very different for these two systems, yet they consumed equivalent energy per HDD. The conventional system uses a timed-initiate, temperature-terminate algorithm with auxiliary electric resistive heating, whereas the high-velocity system uses ca...

show abstract

Section: Background: Nzertf Gaithersburg Marylandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Development and Field Monitoring in nZEB - US Country report IEA HPT Annex 49 Task 3

Baxter

Technologies²,

Abu-Heiba

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Improper design and coordination at the planning stage can negatively influence the entire project. The Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning (HVAC) system is generally the most time-consuming and expensive system in terms of design, construction, and maintenance over the life cycle of the building [4]. One of the challenging and time-consuming processes in the design of the HVAC system is designing the air distribution layout.…”

Section: List Of Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the design and planning stages, the engineer confronts parametric variations, including space occupancy and spatial constraints. The current methods for designing the ductwork focus exclusively on the size of the ducts and the fans, and the layout is not explicitly defined [4]. Space limitations and coordination between different trades are crucial factors affecting the construction time of a proposed design.…”

Section: Hvac System Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many HVAC design challenges are optimization problems [17]. According to [4], the design of the air distribution layout is done in three phases. The first phase is designing the preliminary layout; the second phase is designing the duct and fan sizes and their materials, and the last phase is selecting the damper and balancing the system pressure.…”

Section: Hvac System Design Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A BIM-Based Approach for Optimizing HVAC Design and Air Distribution System Layouts in Panelized Houses

Baradaran-Noveiri¹,

Zaheeruddin²,

Han³

2020

Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A BIM-Based Approach for Optimizing HVAC Design and Air Distribution System Layouts in Panelized Houses Pouya Baradaran-NoveiriIn a centralized air distribution system, the designed ductwork layout impacts the system performance and the construction time and cost. Engineers face various challenges, including spatial limitations, leading them to use assumption-based design methods to balance their design with construction requirements. As a result of this shortcoming, insufficient design details for construction and improper coordination between designers and trade workers will occur, increasing the project duration and risk for conflicts. As the construction industry shifts towards off-site and fast-paced construction methods, the design processes must comply with construction requirements to ensure a smooth transition from conventional methods to off-site construction.This research provides a scientific and systematic method for design and optimization of the HVAC air distribution system in terms of the ductwork layouts, and sizes and types of ducts to standardize the construction processes for time and cost reduction in the off-site environment. The proposed methodology utilizes Building Information Modeling for coordination of the air distribution system using a 3D database. Furthermore, a trained genetic algorithm processes the data and identifies alternative solutions. As the final step, the algorithm generates the optimal air distribution system in the BIM 3D environment for a visual assessment and detailing. The results are verified based on existing case studies in the Canadian prefabricated, panelized construction iv company. The potential benefits include 23% savings in duct material whilst providing an integrated design solution with 32% less conflicts per day comparing to traditional design methods, which can potentially save about $10,119.5 and 175 man-hours per week.v Acknowledgments I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisors Dr. SangHyeok Han and Dr.Mohammed Zaheeruddin, for their continuous guidance, encouragement, and patience with me through the past two years and even in the hardest times during the worldwide pandemic they never neglected to show their support. I would like to thank faculty members of Concordia University, including but not limited to Dr. Mazdak Nikbakht and Dr. Mohammed El-ebbasy for always having their doors open for me and helping me with establishing my place as a Master of Applied Sciences student in the department of BCEE. I would like to thank faculty members of Dalhousie University, including but not limited to Dr. Nouman Ali and Dr. David Hansen for encouraging me and providing guidance as I was graduating with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering and making my way towards higher education. Greatest gratitude will be to my family for supporting me with all my decisions in the good times and the hard times and always encouraging me to do better and become the best version of my self. I would like to thank my colleagues Alaa Hebiba, Sobhan Kouhest...

show abstract

“…Duct design tools should incorporate more detailed load information along with weather data files and operational models to produce a ducting system optimized for lowest lifetime air moving cost to the consumer. This is a complicated, multi-objective optimization problem, that has been examined by many researchers [ (Besant and Asiedu 2000), (Tsal et al 1998), (Caldas and Norford 2013), (Jorens et al 2018)]. Residential duct designers need a product that can be used by non-expert practitioners to design residential duct systems for lowest lifetime cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A side-by-side energy use comparison of a variable-speed small duct high velocity and two-stage conventional ducted heat pump in a net-zero energy home

Payne¹,

Dougherty²

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two air-source, split system heat pumps were installed in a residential, net-zero energy home that was constructed as a laboratory on the campus of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland USA. The first heat pump was a two-stage, 7 kW (2 ton), 15.8 seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), 9.05 heating seasonal performance ratio (HSPF) conventionally ducted system, and the second heat pump was a variable-speed, 10.6 kW (3 ton), 14 SEER, 8.35 HSPF, high velocity ducted system. These two systems operated side-by-side, using separate supply ducts and a common return duct, on a weekly alternating schedule to condition the home that was operated with very consistent, simulated thermal loads. We wanted to know if the high velocity system could provide comparable energy use efficiency to the conventional system. The results of this study showed that it did meet the required loads while doing so with slightly greater efficiency; the average cooling coefficient of performance (COP) was (0.40±0.11) higher, and the average heating COP was statistically equal. A new firmware was provided at the end of the heating season which greatly improved the performance of the high velocity system; its average heating COP went from (1.8±0.9) to (2.5±1.1) at a 95 % confidence level. The new firmware heating COP averaged (1.05±0.23) higher than the old firmware over the same outdoor temperatures. Defrost performance is very different for these two systems yet they consumed equivalent energy per HDD; the conventional system uses a timed-initiate, temperature-terminate algorithm with auxiliary electric resistive heating while the high velocity system uses calculated evaporator parameters with a hot-gas bypass before a full reverse cycle defrost with no supplementary resistive heat.

show abstract

Design optimization of air distribution systems in non-residential buildings

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Technology Development and Field Monitoring in nZEB - US Country report IEA HPT Annex 49 Task 3

Technology Development and Field Monitoring in nZEB - US Country report IEA HPT Annex 49 Task 3

A BIM-Based Approach for Optimizing HVAC Design and Air Distribution System Layouts in Panelized Houses

A side-by-side energy use comparison of a variable-speed small duct high velocity and two-stage conventional ducted heat pump in a net-zero energy home

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About