“…Haestad (2004) and Guo, Walters, and Savic (2008) reviewed a significant amount of research works in the field of sewer network design developed in the last 40 years. The methods such as enumeration approaches (Charalambous & Elimam, 1990;Desher & Davis, 1986;Miles & Heaney, 1988), linear programming (Dajani & Hasit, 1974;Elimam, Charalambous, & Ghobrial, 1989), nonlinear programming (Price, 1978;Swamee, 2001), dynamic programming (Botrous, El-Hattab, & Dahab, 2000;Diogo, Walters, Sousa, & Graveto, 2000;Gupta, Mehndiratta, & Khanna, 1983;Kulkarni & Khanna, 1985;Merrit & Bogan, 1973;Templeman & Walters, 1979;Walsh & Brown, 1973;Yen, Cheng, Jun, Voohees, & Wenzel, 1984) and evolutionary algorithms (EA) such as genetic algorithm (Afshar, Afshar, Marino, & Darbandi, 2006;Brand & Ostfeld, 2011;Haghighi & Bakhshipour, 2012;Heaney, Wright, Sample, Field, & Fan, 1999;Liang, Thompson, & Young, 2004), ant colony optimization algorithm (Afshar, 2007(Afshar, , 2010Moeini, 2017), particle swarm optimization (Izquierdo, Montalvo, Perez, & Fuertes, 2008;Navin & Mathur, 2016), simulated annealing (Karovic & Mays, 2014), and cellular automata (Afshar, Shahidi, Rohania, & Sargolzaei, 2011;Afshar, Zaheri, & Kim, 2016;Guo, 2005; have been proposed to solve sewer network design optimization problems. Mays and Tung (1992) pointed out some important limitations of the conventional optimization methods such as lin...…”