Design principles for ecological engineering

Bergen, Scott D.; Bolton, Susan; Fridley, James L.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(01)00078-7

Cited by 246 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For saliency, which is the relevance to the intended users, tools classically must purposely consider characteristics of the context in which users manage and act (Bergen 2001). They must provide farmers with information allowing them to put knowledge into practice.…”

Section: Necessary Tool Features For Implementation Of Biodiversity-bmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: a review

Duru

Thérond

Martin

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

462

283

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Intensive agriculture has led to several drawbacks such as biodiversity loss, climate change, erosion, and pollution of air and water. A potential solution is to implement management practices that increase the level of provision of ecosystem services such as soil fertility and biological regulation. There is a lot of literature on the principles of agroecology. However, there is a gap of knowledge between agroecological principles and practical applications. Therefore, we review here agroecological and management sciences to identify two facts that explain the lack of practical applications: (1) the occurrence of high uncertainties about relations between agricultural practices, ecological processes, and ecosystem services, and (2) the site-specific character of agroecological practices required to deliver expected ecosystem services. We also show that an adaptive-management approach, focusing on planning and monitoring, can serve as a framework for developing and implementing learning tools tailored for biodiversity-based agriculture. Among the current learning tools developed by researchers, we identify two main types of emergent support tools likely to help design diversified farming systems and landscapes: (1) knowledge bases containing scientific supports and experiential knowledge and (2) model-based games. These tools have to be coupled with well-tailored field or management indicators that allow monitoring effects of practices on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Finally, we propose a research agenda that requires bringing together contributions from agricultural, ecological, management, and knowledge management sciences, and asserts that researchers have to take the position of "integration and implementation sciences."

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Section: Necessary Tool Features For Implementation Of Biodiversity-bmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: a review

Duru

Thérond

Martin

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

462

283

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“…Knowledge of the environmental and social context in which LCSs are placed is fundamental to an effective design and management of coastal defence structures. Whilst this is a well known principle (Bergen et al, 2001), carefully designed research efforts are needed at a pre-design stage to identify and quantify the site-specific impacts of coastal defence structures and to establish the efficacy of design options to mitigate such impacts.…”

Section: Impacts At Regional Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the growing need in coastal management to balance the many human desires for safety, cost-effectiveness, and the goods and services from coastal ecosystems has stimulated the greater incorporation of ecological knowledge into engineering practices (Bergen et al, 2001). In this context, the European-scale project DELOS (Environmental Design of Low Crested Coastal Defence Structures, EVK3-CT-2000-00041) was developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ecological perspective on the deployment and design of low-crested and other hard coastal defence structures

Airoldi

Abbiati

Beck

et al. 2005

Coastal Engineering

344

166

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Coastal areas play a crucial role in the economical, social and political development of most countries; they support diverse and productive coastal ecosystems that provide valuable goods and services.Globally flooding and coastal erosion represent serious threats along many coastlines, and will become more serious as a consequence of human-induced changes and accelerated sea-level rise. Over the past indicate that the construction of coastal defence structures will affect coastal ecosystems. The consequences can be seen on a local scale, as disruption of surrounding soft-bottom environments and introduction of new artificial hard-bottom habitats, with consequent changes to the native assemblages of the areas. Proliferation of coastal defence structures can also have critical impacts on regional species diversity, removing isolating barriers, favouring the spread of non-native species and increasing habitat heterogeneity. Knowledge of the environmental context in which coastal defence structures are placed is fundamental to an effective management of these structures as, whilst there are some general consequences of such construction, many effects are site specific. Advice is provided to meet specific management goals, which include mitigating specific impacts on the environment, such as minimising changes to surrounding sediments, spread of exotic species or growth of nuisance species, and/or enhancing specific natural resources, for example enhancing fish recruitment or promoting diverse assemblages for ecoturism. The DELOS project points out that the downstream effects of defence structures on coastal processes and regional-scale impacts on biodiversity necessitate planning and management at a regional (large coastline) scale. To effectively understand and manage coastal defences, environmental management goals must be clearly stated and incorporated into the planning, construction, and monitoring stages.

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“…In gravel packed-bed constructed wetlands, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal could be very effective at a relatively short hydraulic retention time (HRT) and BOD removal exhibited a linear relationship with organic loading. Effective nitrogen removal required a longer HRT and appeared to be limited by the low oxygen availability in gravel packed-bed systems (Reed and Brown, 1995;Bergen et al, 2001;Coveney et al, 2002). The average removal rate of BOD was reported between 50 % and 70% for gravel contact oxidation treatment systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of polluted river water by a gravel contact oxidation system constructed under riverbed

Juang

Tsai

Liu³

et al. 2008

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment efficiency of a gravel contact oxidation treatment system which was newly constructed under the riverbed of Nan-men Stream located at the Shin Chu City of Taiwan. The influent and effluent water samples were taken periodically for the analyses of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, five-day biological oxygen demand, NH 4 + -N. The results showed that the average removal rates of five-day biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids and NH 4 + -N were 33.6% (between -6.7% and 82.1%), 56.3% (between -83.0% and 93.4%) and 10.7% (between -13.0% and 83.3%), respectively. The calculated mean first order reaction rate constant for five-day biological oxygen demand was 4.58/day with a standard deviation of 4.07/day and for NH 4 + -N was 2.15/day with a standard deviation of 5.68/day. Therefore, it could be said that this gravel-contact-oxidation system could effectively remove biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and NH 4 + -N in river water at a relatively short hydraulic retention time, although its pollutant treatment efficiency was not quite stable. However, to reach better or more stable treatment efficiency, aeration might sometimes be necessary to increase the dissolved oxygen in influent river water. And, longer hydraulic retention time of the system might also be required to increase NH 4 + -N removal efficiency.

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Design principles for ecological engineering

Cited by 246 publications

References 7 publications

How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: a review

How to implement biodiversity-based agriculture to enhance ecosystem services: a review

An ecological perspective on the deployment and design of low-crested and other hard coastal defence structures

Treatment of polluted river water by a gravel contact oxidation system constructed under riverbed

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