“…Considering the current pandemic crisis, remote access and integration using AMTs will offer unique opportunities and capabilities for manufacturing industries, especially cyber-physical production systems (e.g. Liu et al ., 2020; Jantunen et al ., 2018; Díaz-Reza et al ., 2020). Several researchers have examined “remoteness” from different perspectives, discussing the benefits, design choices and implementation, such as virtual and remote labs (VRLs) (de la Torre et al ., 2013), virtual production systems (Dobrescu et al ., 2019) and virtual factory (Jain et al ., 2017).…”