“…Then, the spatial light distribution that illuminates the output waveguides is obtained by multiplication of the spatial light distributions of the two FPRs [3], C m = D 1,m × D 2,m , where D 1,m and D 2,m are, respectively, the spatial light distribution in the first and second FPR, given by (6). Therefore, by defining b awg = πω i n s · λ · α/ √ 2, the normalized amplitude of the mth grating waveguide is approximated by…”