Design, steady performance and wake  characterization of a scaled wind turbine  with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Nanos, Emmanouil M.; Bottasso, Carlo L.; Campagnolo, Filippo; Mühle, Franz; Letizia, Stefano; Iungo, Giacomo Valerio; Rotea, Mario A.

doi:10.5194/wes-7-1263-2022

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The flow has a higher momentum above the wake than below it. As a result, turbulent mixing is stronger in the top part of the wake, resulting in a non-symmetrical vertical profile, as already observed in previous studies (Chamorro and Porté-Agel, 2009;Nanos et al, 2022). Therefore, as shown by the figures, the deflection of the wake towards the sea surface results in a higherenergy flow within the downstream rotor area.…”

Section: Effects Of Tilt On the Flowsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Because of this lack of symmetry, the discrete points were best fitted with the modified cosine law P = P β=0 (a(cos β) p + bβ), resulting in the values a = 0.99, b = 9 × 10 −4 , and p = 3.2. For the same rotor, the power drop yaw exponent was found to be p ≈ 2.01 (Nanos et al, 2022). However, since that result was obtained in laminar inflow conditions, a direct comparison between these two exponent values is probably not completely appropriate.…”

Section: Effects Of Tilt On Powermentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The effects of rotor tilt on wake development and downstream power capture were evaluated by a combined simulation-experimental study. The G06 scaled model (Nanos et al, 2022) of the reference 10 MW wind turbine was used for this purpose. Previous work by Wang et al (2021) has shown that scaled wind turbines, designed according to the same specifications as those of the G06 model, are capable of producing highly realistic wakes in atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnels.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Wakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An experimental campaign was conducted in the BLAST atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel at the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD). Further details on the wind tunnel and the G06 scaled model are available in Nanos et al (2018Nanos et al ( , 2019Nanos et al ( , 2022. The model was operated at its optimum tip speed ratio and pitch angle.…”

Section: Cfd Validation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This error is considered acceptable for the scope of the present analysis. Additional details on the experimental setup, the S-PIV data, and the comparison between experiments and simulations are available in Nanos et al (2022).…”

Section: Cfd Validation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control

Nanos¹,

Bottasso²,

Tamaro³

et al. 2022

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. This paper presents a feasibility analysis of vertical wake steering for floating turbines by differential ballast control. This new concept is based on the idea of pitching the floater with respect to the water surface, thereby achieving a desired tilt of the turbine rotor disk. The pitch attitude is controlled by moving water ballast among the columns of the floater. This study considers the application of differential ballast control to a conceptual 10 MW wind turbine installed on two platforms, differing in size, weight, and geometry. The analysis considers the following: (a) the aerodynamic effects caused by rotor tilt on the power capture of the wake-steering turbine and at various downstream distances in its wake; (b) the effects of tilting on fatigue and ultimate loads, limitedly to one of the two turbine-platform layouts; and (c) for both configurations, the necessary amount of water movement, the time to achieve a desired attitude, and the associated energy expenditure. Results indicate that – in accordance with previous research – steering the wake towards the sea surface leads to larger power gains than steering it towards the sky. Limitedly to the structural analysis conducted on one of the turbine-platform configurations, it appears that these gains can be obtained with only minor effects on loads, assuming a cautious application of vertical steering only in benign ambient conditions. Additionally, it is found that rotor tilt can be achieved on the order of minutes for the lighter of the two configurations, with reasonable water ballast movements. Although the analysis is preliminary and limited to the specific cases considered here, results seem to suggest that the concept is not unrealistic and should be further investigated as a possible means to achieve variable tilt control for vertical wake steering in floating turbines.

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Section: Effects Of Tilt On the Flowsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Effects Of Tilt On Powermentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Characterization Of the Wakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cfd Validation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cfd Validation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control

Nanos¹,

Bottasso²,

Tamaro³

et al. 2022

Wind Energ. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Effects of wind shear and thrust coefficient on the induction zone of a porous disk: A wind tunnel study

Ahmed,

Iungo

2024

Wind Energy

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Neglecting the velocity reduction in the induction zone of wind turbines can lead to overestimates of power production predictions, and, thus, of the annual energy production for a wind farm. An experimental study on the induction zone associated with wind turbine operations is performed in the boundary‐layer test section of the BLAST wind tunnel at UT Dallas using stereo particle image velocimetry. This experiment provides a detailed quantification of the wind speed decrease associated with the induction zone for two different incoming flows, namely, uniform flow and boundary layer flow. Operations of wind turbines in different regions of the power curve are modeled in the wind tunnel environment with two porous disks with a solidity of 50.4% and 32.3%, which correspond to thrust coefficients of 0.71 and 0.63, respectively. The porous disks are designed to approximate the wake velocity profiles previously measured for utility‐scale wind turbines through scanning wind LiDARs. The results show that the streamwise velocity at one rotor diameter upwind of both disks decreases 1% more for the boundary layer flow than for the uniform flow. Further, the effect of shear in front of the disk with a higher thrust coefficient can be observed until 1.75 rotor diameter upwind of the disk, whereas for the disk with a lower thrust coefficient, the effect of shear becomes negligible at 1.25 rotor diameter upwind. It is found that at one rotor diameter upwind, for both incoming flows, the disk having a higher thrust coefficient has 2% more velocity reduction than the lower‐thrust‐coefficient disk. The results suggest that the variability in wind shear and rotor thrust coefficient, which is encountered during typical operations of wind turbines, should be considered for the development of improved models for predictions of the rotor induction zone, the respective cumulative effects in the presence of multiple turbines, namely, wind farm blockage, and more accurate predictions of wind farm power capture.

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Effectiveness of cooperative yaw control based on reinforcement learning for in-line multiple wind turbines

Wang,

Dong,

et al. 2024

Control Engineering Practice

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Design, steady performance and wake characterization of a scaled wind turbine with pitch, torque and yaw actuation

Cited by 12 publications

References 70 publications

Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control

Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control

Effects of wind shear and thrust coefficient on the induction zone of a porous disk: A wind tunnel study

Effectiveness of cooperative yaw control based on reinforcement learning for in-line multiple wind turbines

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