Design Strategies for Developing Sustainable Consumer Electronics

You, Zhenwei; Wang, Xiaochun; Ma, Jiang; Liu, Jian

doi:10.12783/issn.1544-8053/13/4/s29

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These differing trends of the precious metals content in waste cell phones indicates that the consumption of precious metals in cell phones changed with innovative technological advancement. 45,46 But the lower consumption of gold and palladium might have been triggered by rising prices for these metals, while the consumption of silver increased because it was comparatively cheaper than gold or palladium. On the other hand, the content of all precious metals analyzed in the waste smart phones sampled here rose between 2006 and 2015.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Materials Composition and Recovery Potential from Waste Mobile Phones: A Comparative Evaluation of Cellular and Smart Phones

Singh

Duan

Yin

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest growing waste streams around the world, and waste mobile phones contribute a major portion of this waste, in terms of the number of units. Thus, in order to fully discover the constituent materials and systematically evaluate the recovery potentials for waste mobile phones, we dismantled 20 waste mobile phones, manufactured between 2001 and 2015, into 7 main parts. We wanted to determine all the valuable materials and precious metals in these devices and to compare the differences between cellular and smart phones. The results show that cellular phones were evolving into smaller sizes between 2001 and 2012, while the smart phones were becoming higher in mass between 2006 and 2015. The composition analysis showed that a smart phone typically contained approximately 260 various metallic and nonmetallic parts, while a cell phone contained about 150. The experimental analysis of precious metals in waste mobile phones indicated that one kg of cellular phones contained approximately 1,600 mg of silver, 186.5 mg of gold, and 36.9 mg of palladium (on average) and about 1,732.9 mg of silver, 190.9 mg of gold, and 40.1 mg of palladium (on average) were contained in one kg of smart phones. The information obtained in this study shows that waste mobile phones could constitute a potential new resource for the sustainable secondary mining of rare and precious metals.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Materials Composition and Recovery Potential from Waste Mobile Phones: A Comparative Evaluation of Cellular and Smart Phones

Singh

Duan

Yin

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The impact decreased after 2007 as technology advances after 2007 were used to perfect the blueprint of IPHONEs and limit costs. Therefore, this could guide the production to reduce environmental problem caused by electronic products 30 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of technological innovation and regulation development on e-waste toxicity: a case study of waste mobile phones

Chen

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Technology innovation has accelerated progress in Information and Communications Technology (ICT), especially in the mobile phones sector. Concurrently, local, national, and international governments are enforcing stricter regulations to protect natural resources and human health. The paper attempts to address the question: Have technological innovations and regulation development had a positive impact on ecosystems and public health? We identified 36 waste mobile phones (WMPs) manufactured between 2002 and 2013, assessed their metals concentration, leachability, and potential impact on environment and human health using digestion, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), and USEtox model, respectively. The results highlight that regulations did not have significant impact on total metal content, except some heavy metals, while technology innovation recorded stronger impact. WMPs should be classified as hazardous due to excessive lead content. Copper posed the most significant ecotoxicity risk, and chromium showed the most significant risk for both cancerous and non-cancerous diseases. Additionally, we demonstrated that WMPs toxicity increased with technology innovation.

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“…Not lastly, the labeling must include easy to understand graphic information concerning the use and safety removal of nonfunctional or damaged consumer electronics. Furthermore, there are expected innovative and cute design developments being able to motivate and educate users concerning the compulsory environment protection [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Management of Toxic Packaging Waste Related to Environmental Protection in Iasi and Neamt Counties

Costuleanu¹,

Boldureanu²,

Andruseac³

2017

Rev. Chim.

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The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the toxic packaging waste generation in two urban areas of Iasi (A) and Piatra Neamt (B) counties, in a close relationship with the management of removal and processing. Piatra Neamt was chosen because it is known to have a developed infrastructure for selective sorting and collection of municipal solid waste since 2001, implemented using European funds. On the other part, the center of Iasi city was chosen because the selective sorting of municipal solid waste was really implemented only in this area. There exist no significant differences between the generated total waste amounts in A and B studied areas. The same time, no significant differences between the generated packaging waste average quantities in A and B areas were found. The clear result of this study is that the generated packaging waste represents 32.62% as average when compared to generated total waste in area A and 37.15% in area B. When comparing the fractions of generated total waste in the two areas of study the results are really surprisingly. Since it is well known that Piatra Neamt developed the first integrated system of selective collection of household waste, totally functional starting with 2001. When we are comparing the fractions of generated total waste, the results are not significantly different in the two areas. For sure, there are higher rates for selective collection and sorting of paper/cardboard, plastics, glass and organic waste in area B, but not really significant. Such results could be explained solely by the existence of a similar degree of education and commitment regarding the environmental protection in both studied areas. Moreover, we tried to have an estimation of the management effort of local authorities to remove the generated total waste or its selective fractions from the two studied areas. This was a very difficult challenge. For the moment, our conclusions are that for both cities the management efforts are almost the same, despite the selective sorting and collection of some fractions of generated total waste in area B (Piatra Neamt). The simple conclusion could be that the management efforts of removal are lower in Iasi city starting from the efficiency of the processes.

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Design Strategies for Developing Sustainable Consumer Electronics

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Characterizing the Materials Composition and Recovery Potential from Waste Mobile Phones: A Comparative Evaluation of Cellular and Smart Phones

Characterizing the Materials Composition and Recovery Potential from Waste Mobile Phones: A Comparative Evaluation of Cellular and Smart Phones

Impact of technological innovation and regulation development on e-waste toxicity: a case study of waste mobile phones

Management of Toxic Packaging Waste Related to Environmental Protection in Iasi and Neamt Counties

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