Design, synthesis and application of easy wash‐off reactive dyes

Xiong

et al. 2019

A new kind of hetero‐bifunctional reactive dye containing 2‐ethoxy‐4‐chloro‐s‐triazine, with better activity matching with β‐hydroxyethyl sulphone sulphate at a low fixation temperature, was successfully synthesised and characterised. An ethoxy group was designed to be introduced into triazine to increase the substantivity and the reactivity of the dyes. Thereby, the fixation of mono‐s‐chlorotriazine/hydroxyethyl sulphone sulphate (KM‐type) bifunctional reactive dyes on cotton was improved, and dyeing under mild conditions with high fixation was realised. Nineteen dyes with orange, red and blue colours were synthesised and characterised by UV‐Vis and infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Synthesised dyes were dyed at 60, 75 and 90°C, respectively. Exhaustion and reactivity for all of the ethoxy‐containing KM‐type dyes was over 90% at the optimal temperature, and fixation was over 87%, which was higher than the ethoxy‐free comparative dyes. The optimal fixation temperature of ethoxy‐containing dyes was initially reduced to 75°C, and then to 60°C. Compared with comparative dyes, the wash fastness and light fastness were basically unchanged, and the wet rub fastness of the H‐acid series was reduced by one grade.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and application of KM‐type reactive dyes containing 2‐ethoxy‐4‐chloro‐s‐triazine

Xiong

et al. 2019

“…The highest yellowness index was observed in fabric treated with laser parameters of 68 dpi and 140 μs. According to these findings, the laser causes yellowing of the fabrics, which may be due to the formation of a tar substance from the surface degradation of cellulose by the thermal effect of laser treatment . These yellowish substances resulting from carbonisation of the cotton fibres may contribute to the surface yellowing of laser‐treated cotton fabrics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Introducing variations in colour of cotton fabric–reactive dye systems through irradiation with a carbon dioxide laser

Hung

Chan

Kan

2016

The effect of CO2 laser treatment before dyeing (LD) and after dyeing (DL) was compared in terms of colour variation. Two reactive dyes, CI Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) and CI Reactive Black 5 (RB5), were used in three concentrations −0.1, 1, and 5% owf. Morphological changes of the fabrics after laser treatment were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Chemical modification of the laser‐treated cotton fabrics was detected using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The difference in colour was evaluated by spectrophotometer; reflectance value, colour yield, CIE L*a*b*, and levelness were determined. The tensile strength of fabrics laser treated before and after dyeing was also measured. The results show that the DL approach has a stronger effect, resembling a fading of colour, yet a higher tensile strength, especially when dye RB5 is used. The LD approach, on the other hand, provides a better colour yield, levelness, and tensile strength when dye RB19 is used.

“…The solvents were filtered through 0.45 μ m Millipore filter (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) prior to use. The dyes used in this study were synthesised at North Carolina State University [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometric analysis of sulphonated dyes based on diaminobiphenyls

Volná

Holčapek

Suwanruji

et al. 2006

Self Cite

The title dyes, a group of new homo‐bireactive disazo reactive dyes having molecular masses of 1000–1400 Da, were developed because of their potential use as low salt, easy wash‐off colorants for cotton. Following dye synthesis from diaminobiphenyls with and without substituents in the 2,2′‐positions, negative‐ion electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) was used to characterise the dyes. The MS obtained were characterised by signals arising from [M − xH]x− ions plus fragment ions produced by cleavage at C–N bonds adjacent to the azo linkage. In addition, better results were produced when J‐acid was the coupler employed rather than H‐acid. The characteristic fragmentation behaviour of the studied dyes is discussed and illustrated on selected example.