Design, Synthesis, and Structural Insights of a Series of Zn(II)–NSAID Based Coordination Complex Derived Metallogels and Their Plausible Applications in Self Drug Delivery

Abstract

Structural rationale was exploited in designing a series of Zn(II) coordination complexes derived from benzimidazole (BZ), 2-pyridin-2-yl-1H-benzimidazole (PBZ), sodium salts of various nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and Zn(NO 3 ) 2 as potential metallogelators. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) studies carried out on nine coordination complexes provided crucial structural insights. As many as five metallogels were successfully prepared and characterized by rheology and optical and electron microscopies. Two selected metallogelators derived from PBZ and the sodium salt of naproxen and meclofenamic acid (PBZNAP and PBZMEC) displayed anticancer activity against melanoma cell line B16-F10 as revealed by MTT and scratch assays. A zone inhibition assay carried out on two bacteria, viz., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, revealed that the metallogels PBZNAPg, PBZIBUg, PBZDICg, and PBZMECg were significantly active against the bacteria. The results indicated that a self-drug-delivery system could indeed be developed following the structural rationale adopted herein.

Comparative outcomes of the voltage-dependent current density, charge transportation and rectification ratio of electronic devices fabricated using mechanically flexible supramolecular networks

“…catalytic activity, 16 semiconducting opto-electronic diodefabrication, 17,18 non-linear optical device, 19 magnetism, 20 antipathogenic effect, 21,22 proton-conduction, 23 tissue engineering, 24,25 and transportation of drug. [26][27][28][29] The role of low-molecular weight gelators, particularly involved in the origination of supramolecular metallogel systems, is really fascinating to get functionally intriguing metallogels using organic gelators such as aliphatic type (monoethanolamine, suberic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, etc.) 13,[30][31][32] and aromatic type (nitroterephthalic acid, aminoterephthalic acid, bipyridine, terephthalic acid, etc.).…”

Solvent-Driven Variations of Third-Order Nonlinear Thermo-Optical Features of Glutaric Acid-Directed Self-Healing Supramolecular Ni(II) Metallogels

“…The incorporation of different functional groups in gelator molecules such as hydroxyl, , carboxylic, − phosphate, along with nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur containing compounds leads to diverse properties of metallogels. It offers potent functionality in different fields of biochemistry, catalysis, antipathogenic activity, medical diagnostics, drug delivery, − cell culturing, chemo sensors, − tissue engineering, − biomineralization, electrochemical devices, nonlinear optics, , lithography, pollutant removal, etc. Besides, the metallogels are also used in phase partition, catalytic reactions of organic compounds, − oil spill remedy, , water treatment, , etc.…”

Acid⋅⋅⋅Amide Supramolecular Synthon for Tuning Amino Acid‐Based Hydrogels’ Properties

“…An alternative approach recently envisaged the potential of noncovalent interactions involved in the crystal packing of supramolecular synthons, for predicting and modulating the macroscopic features of the corresponding gels [8–10] . Although the correlation between self‐assembly in the solid state and in the gel phase is still under debate, [11] the application of crystal engineering principles to the design of LMWG afforded some promising results, [12–15] especially in the case of organic salts, [16–19] metallogels, [20–21] and sensing platforms for ions or bioactive molecules [22–24] …”

“…[4][5][6][7] An alternative approach recently envisaged the potential of noncovalent interactions involved in the crystal packing of supramolecular synthons, for predicting and modulating the macroscopic features of the corresponding gels. [8][9][10] Although the correlation between self-assembly in the solid state and in the gel phase is still under debate, [11] the application of crystal engineering principles to the design of LMWG afforded some promising results, [12][13][14][15] especially in the case of organic salts, [16][17][18][19] metallogels, [20][21] and sensing platforms for ions or bioactive molecules. [22][23][24] Among the reported classes of LMWG, N-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) protected amino acids play a key role as biocompatible efficient gelators, owing to their π-π stacking interactions that facilitate molecular orientation and formation of carbamate hydrogen-bonded networks.…”