Discusses the movement away from hierarchical organizational
structures towards flatter, heterarchical, structures which is reflected
in the growing interest in distributed manufacturing control systems.
Traditional hierarchical control systems are limited by the breadth,
quantity and timeliness of information needed for their operation.
Distributed, heterarchical, control systems overcome these hierarchical
limitations but, concurrently, forfeit advantages of the hierarchy
including analytically optimal loading patterns and centralized pristine
data tracking. Classifies existing research into four categories and
documents a progression of heterarchical control approaches to inject
some of the advantages of the traditional hierarchy into new
heterarchical frameworks. Concludes that neither hierarchical nor
heterarchical control structures are ideal in their pure form and,
hence, proposes a modified structure, called the quasi‐heterarchical
control system, which is a combination of, and a compromise between,
pure hierarchy and pure heterarchy.