Although the main group species in the s and p blocks
have begun
to gain prominence in the field of dinitrogen (N2) activation
in recent years, reports of carbene-mediated N2 activation
remain particularly rare, especially for carbenes with a σ0π2 electronic configuration. Herein, we demonstrate
examples of N2 activation initiated by a carbene with
a σ0π2 electronic configuration
and consequent N2 hydroboration reaction (with a reaction
barrier as low as 19.9 kcal/mol) via density functional theory calculations.
Meanwhile, the “push–pull” electronic effect
upon introduction of a hydroborenium complex facilitates the generation
of a thermodynamically and kinetically more stable product. In addition,
such a σ0π2 carbene can also activate
a series of H–X (X = H, CH3, or Bpin) bonds through
an oxidative addition process with activation energies ranging from
6.0 to 18.0 kcal/mol. Our findings highlight the importance of σ0π2 carbenes in the field of small molecule
activation, especially N2 activation.