To meet the high demand for information technology (IT) professionals, organizations must become more effective at attracting and retaining women. Ninety-seven percent of companies surveyed by Forbes in 2011 had implemented diversity and inclusion interventions. Despite these efforts, the percentage of women working in IT continues to decline, raising questions about the effectiveness of current organizational interventions aimed at increasing gender diversity. This study sought to gain a better understanding of these organizational interventions by developing a comprehensive framework based on comparative case studies of 9 organizations. The framework integrates intervention characteristics and barriers IT women experience and the coping methods they use to address barriers. This paper presents propositions based on this theoretical framework to guide further research on the effectiveness of gender diversity and inclusion interventions in IT. KEYWORDS gender in IT, individual differences theory of gender and IT, intervention effectiveness, interventions assessment, organizational interventions, social inclusion 1 | INTRODUCTION: THE RETENTION PROBLEM AND WHY IT IS IMPORTANT Women make up 57% of the professional workforce in the United States but only 26% of the information technology (IT) workforce. These numbers are especially concerning considering that in 1991, women made up 36% of the IT workforce (Ashcraft, McLain, & Eger, 2016). This low representation of women is often attributed to the leaky pipeline, but what is often overlooked is the fact that 56% of women in IT leave their work within the first 5 years, which is twice the turnover rate of men in IT and women in other professional fields (Ashcraft et al., 2016;Glass, Sassler, Levitte, & Michelmore, 2013). This attrition rate is especially troubling considering that 74% of IT women indicated "loving their work" (Ashcraft et al., 2016). If women love their work, why are 56% of them leaving IT work for non-