Designing and performance evaluation of metamaterial inspired antenna for 4G and 5G applications

Singh, Harbinder; Sohi, Balwinder Singh; Gupta, Amit

doi:10.1080/00207217.2020.1819438

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The antenna array is a system of N elementary electric vibrators arranged with a step d; the position where the first (closest to one of the ends) an element characterized by coordinates (a, 0, l); distance l satisfies the following conditions: and According to [10,11], the normalized complex radiation pattern of the array has the form (1) where in is the complex current amplitude of the n-th antenna element, n=1,…, N, (…”

Section: Mathematical Model and Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…/ 2 / j q q j j l p j j q j q j q j j p (10) -are the diffraction functions of the magnetic and electric fields of the cylinder [17], and are the components of the magnetic and electric fields on the surface of an infinitely extended cylinder, -magnetic permeability of free space, c is the speed of light.…”

Section: Mathematical Model and Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When constructing electrodynamic models of antenna systems, carriers are represented by bodies in a simple form with minimal deviations of the coordinate surfaces from the real ones [6]. Rational parameters of antennas and bearing surfaces that provide the required characteristics of the transmission (reception) of wave processes are found by performing the synthesis of receiving and emitting structures by the established criteria [10]. The search for parameters is carried out with a given topology of objects; the choice of the technical appearance of the design of the antenna system from a variety of equivalent alternative options is carried out taking into account the complexity of the technical implementation and the levels of development of production technologies [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General Approaches to Solving Problems of Analysis and Synthesis of Directional Properties of Antenna Arrays

Islamov

Humbataliyev

2022

AEM

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The work carried out the calculation and synthesis of antenna arrays used in radio-electronic complexes on unmanned aerial vehicles. The analytical model is designed to find asymptotic estimates of the polarization components of the electric field of the grating in the far zone of the carrier surface; the results obtained with its use are the initial data for constructing a technique for the numerical solution of a boundary value problem for a grating on a carrier surface in the CST MWS electrodynamic simulation environment. The synthesis of gratings with the maximum achievable coefficient of directional action is carried out with the control of radiation patterns at a given set of angles. A two-mirror antenna system has been calculated. It is shown that with an increase in the number of re-reflections taken into account, the convergence of the result for the calculated characteristics of the antenna is observed. To test the proposed method, the same antenna was calculated using the integral equation method. The comparison showed a high degree of agreement between the results obtained by two different methods. The results of the simulation based on a software algorithm designed to quantify the input matching at the input of a multichannel frequency-scanning antenna array power divider are presented. It was found that when performing wide-angle scanning in a relative frequency band of more than a few percent, the disadvantage of the known method for eliminating the normal effect is a sharp deterioration in matching in the lower and upper frequencies of the operating range. A new method is proposed based on an automated iterative process of optimizing the divider geometry, which makes it possible to obtain an acceptable match over the entire operating frequency band. The feasibility of switching from a serial power divider construction scheme to a series-parallel scheme is analyzed for wide-angle scanning in a relative frequency band of about 5%.

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Section: Mathematical Model and Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mathematical Model and Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General Approaches to Solving Problems of Analysis and Synthesis of Directional Properties of Antenna Arrays

Islamov

Humbataliyev

2022

AEM

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“… Ref. Publication year Design of metamaterial patch Material and thickness of substrate Dimension of MMA Type of Antenna used Verified by proper equivalent circuit Metamaterial property with absorption at 3.5 GHz (For n78 devices) Novelty 27 2021 FR4 1.574 mm 5 × 5 Dipole-inspired patch antenna No No Metamaterial antenna for 4G, 5G, and NB-IoT applications 28 2021 FR4 1.574 mm 5 × 5 Folded dipole antenna No No Metamaterial antenna for 4G and 5G applications 22 2021 FR4 1.6 mm 14 × 14 No specific antenna was proposed No No Random absorptions at L, S, and C Bands This work 2022 FR4 1.6 mm 9.8 × 9.8 Planer sleeve monopole antenna Yes Yes Metamaterial absorber designed solely at 3.5 GHz for SAR reduction (from n78 devices) …”

Section: Measurement Of the Absorbermentioning

confidence: 99%

A co-polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber for 5G n78 mobile devices at 3.5 GHz to reduce the specific absorption rate

Hannan

Islam

Soliman

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Specific absorption rate (SAR) by next-generation 5G mobile devices has become a burning question among engineers worldwide. 5G communication devices will be famous worldwide due to high-speed data transceiving, IoT-based mass applications, etc. Many antenna systems are being proposed for such mobile devices, but SAR is found at a higher rate that requires reduced for human health. This paper presents a metamaterial absorber (MMA) for SAR reduction from 5G n78 mobile devices at 3.5 GHz. The MMA is co-polarization insensitive at all possible incident angles to ensure absorption of unnecessary EM energies obeying the Poynting theorem for energy conservation and thus ensuring smooth communication by the devices. The unit cell size of the absorber is 0.114 $$\lambda$$ λ making it design efficient for array implementation into mobile devices. This absorber has achieved a minimum of 33% reduction of SAR by applying to the 5G n78 mobile phone model, equivalent to SAR by GSM/LTE/UMTS band mobile phones and making it suitable for SAR reduction from next-generation 5G mobile devices.

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“…However, improving the antenna efficiency and back lobe ratio remains challenging owing to lower bandwidth and higher loss of these antennas. Also, antennas for applications involving imaging at microwave frequencies should have higher directivity, broader bandwidth, and smaller size [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wideband and directive metasurface FPC antenna with toroidal metal structure loading

Dawar

Abdalla

2021

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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In this paper, a novel metasurface-based Fabry−Perot cavity antenna loaded with toroidal metal structures is presented. The antenna is compact, wideband, and has high directivity and a high front-to-back ratio. The idea of the antenna is based on loading a microstrip narrow band patch antenna resonating at 4.5 GHz by a single layer metasurface superstrate and with a toroidal metal structure. The metasurface superstrate comprises a periodic array of square patch cells. Compared to conventional microstrip antenna, the front to back lobe ratio is increased from 7 to 20 dB and the directivity is increased by 7 dB. Also, the antenna impedance bandwidth is 34% which is increased four times. This is the first-ever antenna with enhanced bandwidth and directivity using a single layer of metasurface and that too made up of periodic cell array and has application as an energy harvester.

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Designing and performance evaluation of metamaterial inspired antenna for 4G and 5G applications

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

General Approaches to Solving Problems of Analysis and Synthesis of Directional Properties of Antenna Arrays

General Approaches to Solving Problems of Analysis and Synthesis of Directional Properties of Antenna Arrays

A co-polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber for 5G n78 mobile devices at 3.5 GHz to reduce the specific absorption rate

A wideband and directive metasurface FPC antenna with toroidal metal structure loading

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