Designing effective solutions to conservation planning problems

Knight, Andrew T.; Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Strange, Niels; Tew, Tom; Wilson, Kerrie A.

doi:10.1002/9781118520178.ch20

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…In a few examples, unexpected causal factors have been reported, such as the importance of public education prior to support for a plan [14]. There may be complex interactions between socioeconomic and conservation outcomes [44], however, in general, the social and governance factors [34] which influence conservation decisions remain poorly understood [45].…”

Section: Systematic Approaches To Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing attempts to define effective conservation planning, have led to an awareness that there are no universally applicable solutions and that the greatest challenges are operational rather than technical [34,35]. Without further information, conservation organisations and agencies have difficulty defending their actions to funders and stakeholders, planning may continue to be undertaken in situations where it may be an ineffecient approach [36,37], and conservation planners cannot discern which elements of the planning process are likely to be most influential.…”

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confidence: 99%

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What is the extent and distribution of evidence on effectiveness of systematic conservation planning around the globe? A systematic map protocol

et al. 2016

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Background Systematic conservation planning involves the prioritisation of conservation actions to optimise biodiversity conservation outcomes whilst considering implementation challenges such as minimising costs. Thousands of systematic conservation plans have been developed around the globe (a popular software package, ‘Marxan’, has over 4200 active users from more than 180 countries). However, the effects of systematic approaches on conservation actions and outcomes are not generally known, nor are the factors which distinguish effective from ineffective plans. Previous reviews of conservation planning outcomes have been limited in scope and to narrow time intervals, and have revealed very few formal evaluations of plans. Given systematic approaches are widely perceived to offer the best chance to rapidly and efficiently achieve biodiversity protection targets, a thorough, up-to-date synthesis of the evidence is required. Methods This protocol outlines the methodology for a systematic mapping exercise to identify retrospective studies measuring the effects of systematic conservation planning on biodiversity conservation at regional, national and subnational scales. Our primary research question is: what is the extent and distribution of evidence on the conservation outcomes of systematic conservation planning? Outcomes will be categorised according to types of capital: natural, financial, social, human and institutional, given the range of potential direct and indirect effects of systematic conservation planning on conservation outcomes. A comprehensive and repeatable search strategy will be undertaken, utilising a wide range of sources including grey literature sources and targeted searches of organisational websites and databases. Sources will be restricted to English language publications between 1983 and 2016. The resultant studies will be screened using standardised inclusion and exclusion criteria and data from included studies will be categorised according to a standardised data extraction form. Information about the study design of relevant articles will be recorded to determine study robustness. A searchable database of studies will be made publicly accessible and available for updating in future. The results will be published in this journal and also presented as an interactive online resource to aid conservation planners in identifying impacts and outcomes of conservation plans.

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Section: Systematic Approaches To Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the extent and distribution of evidence on effectiveness of systematic conservation planning around the globe? A systematic map protocol

et al. 2016

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“…These imply ensuring the accordance with following principles (Knight et al, 2013): accountability, adaptability, collaboration, defensibility, equity, feasibility, pragmatism, resilience, social learning and transparency.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…In order to achieve this target, one has to consider first the core issues addressing the basic conservation planning requirements as stated by Davis et al (2003) (Box 1), taking into consideration the multidisciplinarity of the problems facing the conception and implementation of conservation policies (Knight et al, 2013;Moon et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Strategies for conservation planning and management of terrestrial ecosystems in small islands (exemplified for the Macaronesian islands)

Fernandes

Guiomar

Gil

2015

Environmental Science & Policy

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Ecosystem-based management Management paradigms Social drivers for conservation Governance Contracting for nature conservation a b s t r a c t The present paper addresses the conservation planning and management issues of terrestrial ecosystems with particular insight to small islands (with examples of application in the Macaronesian archipelagos of Cape Verde, Canaries, Madeira and Azores). It analyses specific conservation planning and management approaches and proposes concrete characterization and evaluation frameworks able to support decision and management processes ensuring an active and participative involvement of all concerned stakeholders. These methodological perspectives involve not only new paradigmatic approaches to the process of characterization and evaluation of environmental elements and processes as well as their use and disturbance through land use, but also regarding the individual and collective perspectives regarding benefice and supporting management behaviours. Some examples from islands of the Macaronesian archipelagos, in particular Pico in the archipelago of Azores and Santiago in the Cape Verde archipelago, are used to illustrate some possible management approaches, involving the consideration of the entire island as a conservation object and mobilizing their actors (individuals, groups, administrations or other organizations) as conscious, participative stakeholders. These examples involve possible land use and management changes and trade-off processes specific to each island that are listed and explained.

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“…Chapter 6 demonstrates the gap on the use of simplifying assumptions in existing restoration planning studies (and conservation more broadly) which have routinely overlooked social and political perspectives (Baker et al, 2013;Cowling and Wilhelm-Rechmann, 2007;Knight et al, 2013). As such, it is not surprising that many plans remain as paper plans or failed plans (Ban et al, 2013;Murniati et al, 2007).…”

Section: Utilising Social-ecological Systems Framework To Enhance Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration planning of degraded tropical forests for biodiversity and ecosystem services

Budiharta¹

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Forest restoration has the potential to mitigate the impact of deforestation and forest degradation.Various global policies have been sought to put restoration into the mainstream agenda including under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the program for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+). The Aichi Target of the CBD set a target for at least 15% of degraded ecosystems to be restored by 2020 for key goals including biodiversity conservation, carbon enhancement and the provision of livelihoods. A theoretical framework to underpin decisionmaking for landscape-scale restoration has been slow to emerge, resulting in a limited contribution from science towards achieving such policy targets. My thesis develops decision frameworks to guide the restoration of degraded tropical forests to enhance biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services. In this thesis, three critical questions on how to make better decisions for landscape-scale restoration are addressed by: (a) considering landscape heterogeneity in terms of degradation condition, restoration action and cost, and temporally-explicit restoration benefits; (b) leveraging restoration within competing land uses using emerging policy for offsetting; and (c) enhancing feasibility by accounting for the social and political dimensions related to restoration.I use Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo) as a case study area, as it represents a region that is globally important in terms of biodiversity and carbon storage. Kalimantan's forests also provide essential livelihoods for local people. Yet, rapid deforestation and forest degradation threaten the forests in this region. Chapter 2 verifies that forest loss and degradation is the most significant threat to biodiversity in Kalimantan, impacting more than 80% of threatened animal species and 60% of threatened plant species. The future of Kalimantan's wildlife depends on the survival of species in human-modified landscapes including in restored forest.Quantifying carbon benefit in a policy, such as forest restoration under the REDD+, requires a standardised tool, which has not been available for data-poor regions including Kalimantan. In Chapter 3, I examine a process-based model, called 3-PG (physiological principles for predicting growth), to estimate the above-ground biomass (AGB) content of the major forest types occurring on the island of Borneo. Using readily available climate and soil data, the results indicate the 3-PG model accurately predicts AGB compared with field-measured data, revealing the potential application of this model for carbon sequestration analyses. The datasets along with a set of parameters used in this chapter are employed in the subsequent chapters.Degraded tropical forests are characterised by a broad spectrum of forest condition states, mainly as a result of varying intensities of logging and fire. In Chapter 4, I develop a new framework to ii optimally allocate restoration investments to forests of varying condition, with two contrasting o...

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Designing effective solutions to conservation planning problems

Cited by 17 publications

References 101 publications

What is the extent and distribution of evidence on effectiveness of systematic conservation planning around the globe? A systematic map protocol

What is the extent and distribution of evidence on effectiveness of systematic conservation planning around the globe? A systematic map protocol

Strategies for conservation planning and management of terrestrial ecosystems in small islands (exemplified for the Macaronesian islands)

Restoration planning of degraded tropical forests for biodiversity and ecosystem services

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