“…One of the main goals pursued with the VSM is to improve some key performance indicators (KPI) of the organization. In this work, we are going to group them into three main pillars: operational, environmental and social indicators [25][26][27][28][29]. For example, for operational indicators, among others, the following have been used [24,[29][30][31][32]: clinical quality, cost reduction, patient safety, organizational responsiveness, lead time, delivery performance, process time, inventory level, equipment performance, reducing delays, error rate, service quality and patient satisfaction, and for environmental indicators [26,30]: waste insofar as they cannot aggregate outcomes and the VSM intervention is rarely presented separately.…”