Designing High‐mass Loading 2D Ni‐TiO₂/graphene Pellet Electrodes for Lithium Metal Batteries

Abstract

High conductivity and mass transfer channels of electrode materials with high mass loadings are the fundamental requirements for achieving high‐rate performance and high‐volume energy density. In this study, we investigated the method of constructing high‐mass loading pellet electrodes and their applications in lithium metal batteries from three different perspectives: selecting active electrode materials, designing the mass transfer porous structure, and constructing a conductive network. The three‐dimensional conductive network with porous structures provides the electrolyte's mass transfer channels and convenient charge transfer paths. The resulting pellet electrode demonstrates Young's modulus of 511 MPa under 44 % porosity, achieving satisfactory rate performance under mass loadings of 37.7 mg cm−2. After 200 cycles at the current density of 2.83 mA cm−2, it can maintain 56 % initial capacity, and the volume expansion is only 8.04 %. This study provides reference values for exploring and preparing high‐mass loading electrodes and the future design of solid‐state battery electrodes.