Designing High-Power-Density Electric Motors for Electric Vehicles with Advanced Magnetic Materials

Abstract

As we face issues of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution, it is becoming increasingly important to transition towards clean renewable energies and electric vehicles (EVs). However, designing electric motors with high power density for EVs can be challenging due to space and weight constraints, as well as issues related to power loss and temperature rise. In order to overcome these challenges, a significant amount of research has been conducted on designing high-power-density electric motors with advanced materials, improved physical and mathematical modeling of materials and the motor system, and system-level multidisciplinary optimization of the entire drive system. These technologies aim to achieve high reliability and optimal performance at the system level. This paper provides an overview of the key technologies for designing high-power-density electric motors for EVs with high reliability and system-level optimal performance, with the focus on advanced magnetic materials and the proper modeling of core losses under two-dimensional or three-dimensional vectorial magnetizations. This paper will also discuss the major challenges associated with designing these motors and the possible future research directions in the field.

Efficiency Improvement of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Model Predictive Control Considering Core Loss

“…While the conventional PMSM motor control algorithms use the conventional equivalent circuit model (ECM), they tend to disregard core losses, and this makes sense in low-speed motors with low pole numbers [8]. However, a more described model of PMSM considering core loss can benefit motor control greatly and should be considered in some applications, for instance, when the motor is at its high-speed range [12,13], or when there is a special design used in the core material-such as Soft Magnetic Composite (SMC) material [14,15]-as the core loss may overtake copper loss as the dominant loss in the motor. The difference of the ECM is particularly applicable in the MPC, as the MPC uses the mathematical model of the motor to produce next-step predictions [16,17].…”

Developing High-Power-Density Electromagnetic Devices with Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Magnetic Materials

“…With the utilization of the 3D magnetic testing system, extensive experimental results have been acquired by subjecting various material samples to different magnetization patterns, including 1D alternating flux, 2D circularly rotating flux, and 3D spherical flux densities. More details concerning the experimental results can be found in our previous publications [15,84]. With the utilization of the 3D magnetic testing system, extensive experimental results have been acquired by subjecting various material samples to different magnetization patterns, including 1D alternating flux, 2D circularly rotating flux, and 3D spherical flux densities.…”

“…With the utilization of the 3D magnetic testing system, extensive experimental results have been acquired by subjecting various material samples to different magnetization patterns, including 1D alternating flux, 2D circularly rotating flux, and 3D spherical flux densities. More details concerning the experimental results can be found in our previous publications [ 15 , 84 ].…”

“… 3D Vectorial Magnetic Property measurement system: ( a ) Block diagram and ( b ) structure 330 of 3D view [ 15 ]. …”

“…As the operating frequency increases, the core loss quickly rises and may even surpass the copper loss. Consequently, researchers have undertaken extensive studies to reduce core loss in electromagnetic devices, and the utilization of advanced magnetic materials holds great promise as a solution [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”