Designing Imidazole-Based Ionic Liquids and Ionic Liquid Monomers for Emerging Technologies

Green, Matthew D.; Long, Timothy Edward

doi:10.1080/15583720903288914

Cited by 299 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…[12,13] Since ILs do not vapourize, they also have great potential to be used as environmentally friendly solvents, [14,15] as water purification agents, [16,17] as electrolytes in batteries [18,19] and for electromechanical actuator membranes. [20,21] One highly promising application field for ILs is presented by the electrochemical sector. Here, ILs can serve as charge exchange films for actuators or they can be added to existing ionomeric films like Nafion to improve ionic conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the imidazole group provides thermal stability, good solubility, relatively high ionic conductivity and a wide electrochemical application window. [1] Encouraged by the promising conductivity results demonstrated by imidazolium-based IL polymers [25,26], which had been prepared by thermally induced polymerization, [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] we wished to study analogous IL monomers under UV-curing conditions. Photo-induced polymerization offers several advantages to thermal initiation since polymerization time is shortened and reaction temperature is lowered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ILs are also described as molten salts, where for most practical applications the melting point of the IL should be below room temperature. [1] Typically, ILs possess bulky, non-symmetrical organic cations based on imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, ammonium or phosphonium moieties. The corresponding anion can be organic or more commonly inorganic, such as for example bromide or tetrafluoroborate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is confirmed that the nature of the anion strongly impacts IL properties including viscosity. [1] The resulting ILs were subjected to rheological testing, where monomer reactivity is strongly influenced by the viscosity of a curable formulation. Subsequently, photoreactivity was investigated by photo differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC), in bulk as well as in combination with reactive diluents, like hexane-1,6-diol diacrylate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imidazole-based ionic liquids for free radical photopolymerization

Dworak

Tiefenthaller

Lagref

et al. 2015

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Ionic liquid (IL) monomers are receiving increased attention due to their versatile range of application, especially in the electrochemical and electromechanical fields. Within this study, imidazole-based ILs containing a polymerizable methacrylate (MA) group were synthesized to examine their influence on the viscosity and reactivity of typical (meth)acrylates. The IL-MAs were prepared from 1-butylimidazole and bromo methacrylates with different spacer lengths (C 2 -C 6 ). The best results with respect to physicochemical properties and double bond conversions could be obtained for ILs with C 3 and C 6 spacers. Bulk polymerizations exhibited unusually high reactivity and double-bond conversion compared with typical mono-methacrylates. Addition of 10 wt% IL-MA to reactive diluents like hexane-1,6-diol diacrylate caused only minor reduction in reaction rate but increased final double bond conversion compared with the pure diacrylate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imidazole-based ionic liquids for free radical photopolymerization

Dworak

Tiefenthaller

Lagref

et al. 2015

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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“…7 Their structural tunability, chemical and thermal stabilities, low vapor pressure, and high ionic conductivity render them promising substitutes for water in IPT applications. 8,9 Watanabe and co-workers explored the compatibility of various ionic liquid/homopolymer pairs, 10 and they reported that polymerization of methacrylic monomers in the presence of various ionic liquids resulted in homogeneous ionic gels with desirable high ionic conductivity. 11,12 Lodge and co-workers also proposed that incorporating ionic liquids into block copolymer matrices afforded mechanical integrity and persistent nanostructure to the ionic liquids.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAFT Synthesis of ABA Triblock Copolymers as Ionic Liquid-Containing Electroactive Membranes

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2012

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate (DMAEA) imparts versatile functionality to poly[Sty-b-(nBA-co-DMAEA)-b-Sty] ABA triblock copolymers. A controlled synthetic strategy minimized chain transfer reactions and enabled the preparation of high-molecular-weight ABA triblock copolymers with relatively narrow PDIs between 1.39 and 1.44 using reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The presence of tertiary amine functionality and their zwitterionic derivatives in the central blocks of the triblock copolymers afforded tunable polarity toward ionic liquids. Gravimetric measurements determined the swelling capacity of the triblock copolymers for ionic liquids (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (EMIm TfO) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate (EMIm ES). A correlation of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) results revealed the impact of ionic liquid incorporation on the thermal transitions, thermomechanical properties, and morphologies of the triblock copolymers. ILcontaining membranes of DMAEA-derived triblock copolymers and EMIm TfO exhibited desirable rubbery plateau moduli of ∼100 MPa and electromechanical actuation to a 4 V electrical stimulus. Maintaining the mechanical ductility of polymer matrices while increasing their ion-conductivity is paramount for future electroactive devices.

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Water Soluble Polymers

Vandenbrande

Brown

Arrington

et al. 2023

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Water‐soluble polymers (WSPs) represent a diverse class of macromolecules, and this diversity arises from the breadth of functionality derived from both natural and synthetic sources. Nature provides abundant WSPs through biosynthetic pathways in plants, animals, and fungi, and biological processes yield precisely controlled and well‐defined structures. Polymer chemists strive to develop synthetic methods that mimic the precision of natural processes. Monomers that are derived from petroleum feedstocks together with naturally sourced monomers provide a rich catalog of WSP precursors. Monomer structure, reactivity, concentration, sequence control, and reaction conditions influence polymeric microstructures, solubility, and aqueous solution structure. This article provides an overview of WSP fundamentals and highlights recent advancements in natural, nonionic, ionic, associative, and high‐performance WSPs. Recent advances in the design and performance of WSPs have critically improved the technological impact of filtration processes, water purification, drilling efficiency, and pharmaceutical applications. From modulating the rheological and filtration properties to establishing novel drug delivery systems through controllable self‐assembly, WSPs represent a critical enabling field for many emerging and diverse applications. WSPs will help to address many of the emerging challenges of our times, from energy generation and storage to water availability and next‐generation life‐saving medical technologies. This article will point to the potential impacts based on fundamental structure‐property‐processing relationships.

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Designing Imidazole-Based Ionic Liquids and Ionic Liquid Monomers for Emerging Technologies

Cited by 299 publications

References 105 publications

Imidazole-based ionic liquids for free radical photopolymerization

Imidazole-based ionic liquids for free radical photopolymerization

RAFT Synthesis of ABA Triblock Copolymers as Ionic Liquid-Containing Electroactive Membranes

Water Soluble Polymers

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