Designing low-carbon MgO–Al2O3–La2O3–C refractories with balanced performance for ladle furnaces

Ren, Xiaoyan; Ma, Beiyue; Líu, Hao; Wang, Zhoufu; Deng, Chengji; Liu, Guoqi; Yu, Jingkun

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.03.051

Cited by 66 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A similar trend of the elastic modulus via the nano‐indentation test method changes with fracture toughness is observed. High densification and long‐columnar β‐Si 3 N 4 grains exert the effect of increasing elasticity 35 . Therefore, the addition of Al 2 O 3 –Yb 2 O 3 and the special interlocking microstructure with a higher aspect ratio are more helpful to improve the fracture toughness and elastic modulus of Si 3 N 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

Tang

Deng

2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramics doped with two different sintering additive systems (Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 -Yb 2 O 3 ) were prepared by hot-pressing sintering at 1800°C for 2 h and 30 MPa. The microstructures, nano-indentation test, and mechanical properties of the as-prepared Si 3 N 4 ceramics were systematically investigated. The X-ray diffraction analyses of the as-prepared Si 3 N 4 ceramics doped with the two sintering additives showed a large number of phase transformations of α-Si 3 N 4 to β-Si 3 N 4 . Grain size distributions and aspect ratios as well as their effects on mechanical properties are presented in this study. The specimen doped with the Al 2 O 3 -Yb 2 O 3 sintering additive has a larger aspect ratio and higher fracture toughness, while the Vickers hardness is relatively lower. It can be seen from the nano-indentation tests that the stronger the elastic deformation ability of the specimens, the higher the fracture toughness. At the same time, the mechanical properties are greatly enhanced by specific interlocking microstructures formed by the high aspect ratio β-Si 3 N 4 grains. In addition, the density, relative density, and flexural strength of the as-prepared Si 3 N 4 ceramics doped with Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 were 3.25 g/cm 3 , 99.9%, and 1053 ± 53 MPa, respectively.When Al 2 O 3 -Yb 2 O 3 additives were introduced, the above properties reached 3.33 g/cm 3 , 99.9%, and 1150 ± 106 MPa, respectively. It reveals that microstructure control and mechanical property optimization for Si 3 N 4 ceramics are feasible by tailoring sintering additives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

Tang

Deng

2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…Thus, it is not suitable for the application of the smelting of low‐carbon steel and ultralow‐carbon steel. To achieve the double carbon target, the development of low‐carbon (<8 wt.%) or ultralow‐carbon (<3 wt.%) MgO–C refractories for high‐performance steel is an inevitable trend to meet the industrial requirements 10–13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve the double carbon target, the development of low-carbon (<8 wt.%) or ultralow-carbon (<3 wt.%) MgO-C refractories for highperformance steel is an inevitable trend to meet the industrial requirements. [10][11][12][13] The decrease of carbon content in MgO-C refractories increases the thermal expansion rate, resulting in slag penetration and the structural spalling of the refractories. Furthermore, the high-carbon content accelerates the carbothermal reduction reaction of generating Mg(g) and CO(g), which could destroy the structure and reduce the service life of magnesia-carbon refractories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ synthesis and interfacial bonding mechanism of SiC in MgO–SiC–C refractories

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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Adding SiC directly to MgO–C refractories possesses the disadvantages of low dispersion and interfacial bonding strength. Herein, the in situ synthesized SiC was introduced into the MgO–SiC–C refractories to maintain the original excellent performance of MgO–C refractories and reduce the carbon dissolution in molten steel. With the increase of Si and C content in raw materials, the morphology of SiC changed from whisker to network, whose growth mechanism was vapor–solid and vapor–liquid–solid. The network structure and uniform distribution of SiC improved the thermal shock resistance of MgO–SiC–C refractories. According to the analysis of molecular dynamics simulation by Materials Studio software, SiC strengthened the relationship between periclase and graphite to enhance the structure of the compound.

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“…Carbon-containing refractories can be extensively found in high temperature applications and their related industries owing to their excellent slag resistance and thermal stability. [1][2][3] Meanwhile, their low strength and poor oxidation resistance inhibit a more wider application. [4][5][6] With the development of modern steel metallurgy technology, continuous deepening of energy saving, emission reduction, and manufacture efficiency improvement, the clean steel technology requires an extremely low carbon content in the steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For simplicity and efficiency, heat-treating singlephase ternary carbide is a promising and attractive method for composites because only one single raw material is required, with the homogeneous chemical composition. 5,[18][19][20][21] Al 4 O 4 C is a promising compound for high-temperature applications and refractory because of their high melting point (1890 • C), low density (2.684 g/cm 3 ), and excellent oxidation resistance. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The study on high-temperature behavior of pressed Al 4 O 4 C pellets under a nitrogen atmosphere indicated that a nitride layer generated on the surface and thereby slowed the nitrogen diffusion into the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel strategy for the fabrication of AlN–AlON refractories: Nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al₄O₄C

Zheng

Xing

et al. 2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

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A novel strategy was exploited for the fabrication of AlN-AlON refractories via nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al 4 O 4 C. The phase transformation and microstructure evolution during the reaction at 1600-1800 • C were thoroughly investigated. The results indicated that the high N 2 pressure was essential for the effective nitridation. The in situ generated AlN-AlON refractories had a homogeneous local chemical composition, and the (101) plane of AlN and the (222) lattice plane of Al 5 O 6 N were bonded at their grain boundary with no amorphous phase. The as-fabricated AlN-AlON refractories treated at 1700 • C by a 20 atmnitrogen pressure exhibited an optimum bending strength of 111.10 MPa, combining an apparent porosity of 20% with a low bulk density of 1.97 g/cm 3 . The diffusion of the generated oxygen led to an increase in the apparent porosity and decrease in the bulk density at 1800 • C. Furthermore, the fabrication mechanism of AlN-AlON refractories under the nitrogen gas-pressure was discussed.

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Designing low-carbon MgO–Al2O3–La2O3–C refractories with balanced performance for ladle furnaces

Cited by 66 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

In situ synthesis and interfacial bonding mechanism of SiC in MgO–SiC–C refractories

A novel strategy for the fabrication of AlN–AlON refractories: Nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al₄O₄C

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Designing low-carbon MgO–Al2O3–La2O3–C refractories with balanced performance for ladle furnaces

Cited by 66 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Al 2 O 3 –Y 2 O 3 /Yb 2 O 3 additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

Effects of Al 2 O 3 –Y 2 O 3 /Yb 2 O 3 additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

In situ synthesis and interfacial bonding mechanism of SiC in MgO–SiC–C refractories

A novel strategy for the fabrication of AlN–AlON refractories: Nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al4O4C

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Product

Resources

About

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

Effects of Al ₂ O ₃ –Y ₂ O ₃ /Yb ₂ O ₃ additives on microstructures and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramics prepared by hot‐pressing sintering

A novel strategy for the fabrication of AlN–AlON refractories: Nitrogen gas pressure sintering of Al₄O₄C