Designing single-case experiments

Morley, Stephen; Masterson, Ciara; Main, Chris J.

doi:10.4324/9781315412931-4

Cited by 16 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Detailed data on patients’ cognitive performance is presented in Tables 1 , 2 . For patients who underwent surgery and had postoperative neuropsychological evaluation, we calculated reliable change indices at a 90% confidence interval ( Baxendale and Thompson, 2005 ; Morley, 2017 ). To compare patients in our sample experiencing greater and reduced postoperative cognitive decline, we separated the patients for whom the data was available into two groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of Language-and-Memory Networks in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy by Using the GE2REC Protocol

Banjac

Roger

Cousin

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Preoperative mapping of language and declarative memory functions in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients is essential since they frequently encounter deterioration of these functions and show variable degrees of cerebral reorganization. Due to growing evidence on language and declarative memory interdependence at a neural and neuropsychological level, we propose the GE2REC protocol for interactive language-and-memory network (LMN) mapping. GE2REC consists of three inter-related tasks, sentence generation with implicit encoding (GE) and two recollection (2REC) memory tasks: recognition and recall. This protocol has previously been validated in healthy participants, and in this study, we showed that it also maps the LMN in the left TLE (N = 18). Compared to healthy controls (N = 19), left TLE (LTLE) showed widespread inter- and intra-hemispheric reorganization of the LMN through reduced activity of regions engaged in the integration and the coordination of this meta-network. We also illustrated how this protocol could be implemented in clinical practice individually by presenting two case studies of LTLE patients who underwent efficient surgery and became seizure-free but showed different cognitive outcomes. This protocol can be advantageous for clinical practice because it (a) is short and easy to perform; (b) allows brain mapping of essential cognitive functions, even at an individual level; (c) engages language-and-memory interaction allowing to evaluate the integrative processes within the LMN; (d) provides a more comprehensive assessment by including both verbal and visual modalities, as well as various language and memory processes. Based on the available postsurgical data, we presented preliminary results obtained with this protocol in LTLE patients that could potentially inform the clinical practice. This implies the necessity to further validate the potential of GE2REC for neurosurgical planning, along with two directions, guiding resection and describing LMN neuroplasticity at an individual level.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of Language-and-Memory Networks in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy by Using the GE2REC Protocol

Banjac

Roger

Cousin

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…To address the hypotheses, a visual analysis and reliable change analysis were used alongside the qualitative data obtained during the change interviews. The visual analysis explored changes between phases and over the course of the study [ 32 ]. Medians and interquartile ranges were calculated for screen time data for each phase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Intervention for Problematic Smartphone Use

Kent

Masterson

Ali

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Smartphones have become the primary devices for accessing the online world. The potential for smartphone use to become problematic has come into increasing focus. Students and young adults have been shown to use their smartphones at high rates and may be at risk for problematic use. There is limited research evaluating interventions for problematic smartphone use. The present research aimed to develop and evaluate a digital intervention for problematic smartphone use in a student population. A mixed-method case series design was used. The participants were 10 students with mild–moderate dependency on the online world (measured via a self-report questionnaire). An intervention comprising goal setting, personalised feedback, mindfulness, and behavioural suggestions was delivered via a smartphone application. Time spent on smartphones was measured objectively through the same application. Changes in problematic technology use, wellbeing, mindfulness, and sleep were also evaluated. The findings indicate that the intervention resulted in a reduction in self-reported problematic smartphone use, but not screen time. The findings also indicate that over the course of participation, there was a positive influence on wellbeing, online dependency, mindfulness, and sleep. However, the mechanisms of change could not be determined. The study provides preliminary evidence that a light-touch, smartphone-delivered package is an acceptable and effective intervention for students wishing to better manage their problematic smartphone use.

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“…This has been a recurring challenge for the field, 99 but the realisation that interventions increasingly require multiple inputs from several domains and cannot be easily evaluated in RCT formats is still to gain real traction. Many possible options have been proposed, 31,63,75,101,146,152 and they include the use of methods such as single-case design studies, pragmatic trials, and stepped wedge designs that are more feasible in clinical settings (see Keefe et al 75 for a recent review). Identifying “which treatments for which patients” remains a challenge in the pain field, 146,151 and from a biopsychosocial perspective, we might add, “under which conditions.” This review suggests we have made some progress in addressing these questions, but there is still some way to go.…”

Section: Summary and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biopsychosocial model of pain 40 years on: time for a reappraisal?

Nicholas

2022

Pain

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Designing single-case experiments

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Mapping of Language-and-Memory Networks in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy by Using the GE2REC Protocol

Mapping of Language-and-Memory Networks in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy by Using the GE2REC Protocol

Digital Intervention for Problematic Smartphone Use

The biopsychosocial model of pain 40 years on: time for a reappraisal?

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