Desigualdad de género en el deporte de competición: voces y reflexiones (Gender inequality in competitive sport: voices and reflections)

Abstract

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar las posibles situaciones de desigualdad percibidas por las mujeres deportistas de competición en la provincia de Córdoba (España) a partir de sus propias voces. La investigación, de tipo cualitativo, se diseñó siguiendo la Teoría Fundamentada. Se llevaron a cabo cinco grupos focales en los que participaron 45 mujeres practicantes de fútbol sala, balonmano, voleibol, atletismo, natación y esgrima. Los datos indican situaciones de desigualdad en diferentes ámbitos como la cobertura mediática, en términos de sentirse infrarrepresentadas y silenciadas en los medios de comunicación; el escaso apoyo y reconocimiento de las instituciones deportivas locales frente a las que tienen que demostrar altísimas cotas de rendimiento para ser valoradas; la escasa promoción y organización del deporte colectivo femenino en el contexto universitario, y el trato discriminatorio que perciben por parte de las distintas federaciones en aspectos como el acceso a las becas, el apoyo al deporte base y a los clubes, la continuidad de las selecciones andaluzas, la promoción de la asistencia a sus partidos y la implicación de los dirigentes en el fomento del deporte femenino. Los resultados ofrecen un diagnóstico de las necesidades reales sobre las que deberían construirse las actuaciones para mejorar el sistema deportivo andaluz y alcanzar de esta manera una práctica deportiva igualitaria. Palabras clave: desigualdad, género, deporte de competición, estudio cualitativo, teoría fundamentada. Abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the situations of inequality perceived by female competitive athletes in the province of Córdoba (Spain) based on their own voices. The qualitative research was designed following Grounded Theory. Five focus groups were carried out in which 45 women practicing futsal, handball, volleyball, athletics, swimming and fencing participated. The data indicate situations of inequality in different areas such as media coverage, in terms of feeling underrepresented and silenced in the media; the lack of support and recognition of local sports institutions against which they have to demonstrate very high levels of performance to be valued; the inadequate promotion and organization of women's collective sport in the university context and the discriminatory treatment they receive from the different federations in aspects such as access to scholarships, support for grassroots sports and clubs, the continuity of Andalusian teams, the promotion of attendance at their matches and the involvement of the leaders in promoting women's sports. The results offer a diagnosis of the real needs on which the actions to improve the Andalusian sports system should be built and thus achieve equal sports practice. Key words: Inequality, gender, competitive sport, qualitative study, grounded theory.

“We could perform much better if we had specific training for girls” – Impacts of the embodiment of tradition for elite-level karateka women

“…The coach speaks about the view of society, locating himself somewhat off the mainstream. Notwithstanding, he reframes himself after saying that women can be the same as men, revealing the traditional martial pedagogy in which men are positioned hierarchically higher and the stigmatized view of women as nurturing, which in itself is a culturally devaluated characteristic (see Donoso Pérez et al, 2023). Men, on the other hand, are taken as proper fighters, able to compete and self-defend, teaching that to others with efficacy.…”