Desorption and Unavailability of Aged Simazine Residues in Soil from a Continuous Corn Field

Scribner, Stephen L.; Benzing, Thomas R.; Sun, Shaobai; Boyd, Stephen A.

doi:10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100010017x

Cited by 145 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Both the availability to earthworms and bacteria and the amounts of atrazine and phenanthrene that were recovered by the extractants declined with residence time in soil. Similar declines in extractability with increased residence time in soil or sediments have been observed with phenanthrene (5), simazine (6), and pyrene (13). The rate and extent of decline in bioavailability varied with the test organisms, and the rate and extent of reduction in extractability also varied with the solvent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…As the residence time of such compounds in soil increases, they become increasingly unavailable to microorganisms and resistant to mild extraction (4,5). The toxicity to multicellular organisms of pesticides that have persisted in soil is sometimes less than the freshly added compound (6), although it is unknown whether the decline in availability occurred initially or was a process that required some time. Because the compounds can be recovered from soil by extraction with organic solvents, they are not in the form of bound residues that presumably involve covalent linkages with constituents of soil (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Chemical Extractants To Predict Bioavailability of Soil-Aged Organic Chemicals

Kelsey

Kottler

Alexander

1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

421

320

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A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of devising a chemical assay to predict the bioavailability of organic compounds that become sequestered in soil. The recovery of atrazine and phenanthrene freshly added to soil varied appreciably among individual solvents, but the quantity extracted by each solvent declined as the test compounds persisted in soil. The percentage recovered by some extractants approximated either the percentage uptake by earthworms or bacterial degradation. Recovery by one extractant predicted bioavailability to both organisms. The data suggest that it is feasible to predict bioavailability of persistent organic compounds in soil by chemical procedures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Chemical Extractants To Predict Bioavailability of Soil-Aged Organic Chemicals

Kelsey

Kottler

Alexander

1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

421

320

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“…Th e sediment composition, such as content of organic C and black carbon (BC), has invoked more and more attention in the study of microbial cleanup of PAHs (Guerin and Boyd, 1992;Scribner et al, 1992;Xia et al, 2010). Th e reduced bioavailability of PAHs to bacteria in sediment is ascribed to the contact of PAHs with BC, a chemically heterogeneous, biologically refractory class of C compounds produced during biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion (Rijnaarts et al, 1990;Scow and Hutson, 1992;Bosma et al, 1997).…”

Section: Eff Ects Of Suspended Sediment On the Biodegradation And Minmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Suspended Sediment on the Biodegradation and Mineralization of Phenanthrene in River Water

Xia

Zhou

et al. 2011

J of Env Quality

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High suspended sediment (SPS) concentration commonly exists in many Asian rivers. Furthermore, climate change can cause high floods and lead to the resuspension of sediments and soil erosion, resulting in high SPS concentration in many natural waters. This research studied the impact of the presence of SPS and organic C composition of SPS on the biodegradation and mineralization of phenanthrene (PHE). Three sediments, including original sediment (OS), 375 degrees C (S375), and 600 degrees C (S600) combusted sediment, were studied. A flask-based 14C-respirometer system was applied to study the mineralization of [14C]PHE by Agrobacterium sp. The mineralization rate of PHE in the absence of SPS was significantly lower than that with the presence of OS and S600 but higher than that with S375, suggesting that the effect of the presence of sediment on PHE mineralization depended on its organic C composition. The residual levels of PHE in the S375 and OS systems were about 1.5 times that of the S600 system after incubation for 2 d. After 26-d incubation, the mineralization rates of PHE were 34.64, 29.40, and 14.00% in the OS, S600, and S375 systems, respectively. The first-order rate constants of the OS and S600 systems were about three times that of the S375 system. The net influence of SPS on the biodegradation and mineralization rates of PHE was dependent on its effects on compound bioavailability and bacteria population. This study suggested that black C played a key role in reducing the mineralization rates of PHE in sediments-even without aging.

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“…Sorption is a dynamic process in which molecules are continually distributed between the soil solution and the particle surfaces of soil (Patakioutas and Albanis, 2002). Different physical and chemical characteristics of the pesticides cause differences in their adsorption in the same soil type (Scribner et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive and non-competitive adsorption of atrazine and diuron on alluvial soil

Fouad

El-Aswad

2018

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal

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The competitive and non-competitive adsorption of herbicides atrazine and diuron individual and in binary combination on alluvial soil depends upon the batch equilibration technique were evaluated. The results indicated that the optimum wavelengths obtained from spectral curves were 222 nm and 289 nm and the k values obtained from calibration curves were 0.1327 and 0.0061 for atrazine and diuron, respectively. The equilibrium time for atrazine and diuron in clay loam soil is 3 hours. The adsorption of atrazine and diuron individually in clay loam soil is fitted with Freundlich model. The isotherms of either atrazine and diuron alone or in the binary mixture are Stype. The adsorption capacity of tested clay loam soil is more for atrazine neither individual nor in binary combination than that for diuron individual and in binary combination. The adsorption capacity of tested clay loam soil is lower for individual atrazine compared to that in binary combination with diuron. While, the adsorption capacity of tested clay loam soil is higher for individual diuron compared to that in the binary combination. In general, the relatively weak sorbing diuron in competitive system might depend on the available binding sites which influenced by atrazine. However, the sorption of the relatively stronger adsorbing atrazine was less affected by diuron at the same concentration range.

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Desorption and Unavailability of Aged Simazine Residues in Soil from a Continuous Corn Field

Abstract: There is an error on page 118 of the above article- Fig. 2 and 3 were transposed. The correct figures and their respective captions are reprinted below. 50 75 Time (days) 100 125

Cited by 145 publications

References 0 publications

Selective Chemical Extractants To Predict Bioavailability of Soil-Aged Organic Chemicals

Selective Chemical Extractants To Predict Bioavailability of Soil-Aged Organic Chemicals

Effects of Suspended Sediment on the Biodegradation and Mineralization of Phenanthrene in River Water

Competitive and non-competitive adsorption of atrazine and diuron on alluvial soil

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