Destruction of atmospheric ozone at the ocean surface

Regener, Victor H.

doi:10.1007/bf02346429

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Deposition velocities of about 0.01 cm s-l appear to be typical. These are considerably smaller than the sea-water values near 0.04 cm s-l found by Aldaz (1969) and 0.1 cm s-l by Regener's (1974) reanalysis of Tiefenau and Fabian's (1972) data. Even for distilled water, Aldaz (1969) finds 0.02 cm s-l by the 'box' method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…Galbally and Allison (1972) report fluxes over snow equivalent to deposition velocities that range from 1.7 to -3.3 cm s-l , depending on the condition of the snow surface. For sea water, Regener's (1974) reanalysis of field data from Tiefenau and Fabian (1972) shows that a deposition velocity of about 0.1 cm s-l seems appropriate for wind speeds near 5 m s-l. The large scatter in field data on deposition velocities above such surfaces suggests that they are not known better than to within a factor of 2 or 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field measurement of small ozone fluxes to snow, wet bare soil, and lake water

Wesely

Cook

Williams

1981

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Eddy-correlation measurements over snow, wet bare soil, and lake water indicate very small vertical ozone fluxes. Adjustments to the small vertical fluxes are needed to take into account the effect of mean Stefan flow associated with evaporation at the surface and the effects of correlation between density variations and vertical wind fluctuations. For snow, the residual resistance calculated for the surface is about 34 s cm-', indicating that the maximum deposition velocity is abut 0.03 cm s-'. For cold bare soil well saturated with water, the surface resistance is about 10 s cm-' (maximum deposition velocity of about 0.1 cm s-l). The highest resistances obtained are for transfer to the surface of Lake Michigan, yielding values near 90 s cm-' for resistance (0.01 cm s-l for deposition velocity).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field measurement of small ozone fluxes to snow, wet bare soil, and lake water

Wesely

Cook

Williams

1981

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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“…Ozone is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and is known to react with the sea surface. The deposition velocity (i.e., the ratio of flux to concentration) of the gas at the sea surface is in the range 0.02-0.1 cm s -I [Aldaz, 1969;Regener, 1974]. The exchange of gases at the sea surface is often described in terms of diffusion through a laminar layer 10 -3 to 10 -2 cm thick, into an extensive, well-mixed layer below, but the deposition velocity of ozone is an order of magnitude larger than predicted by this simple model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of iodine from the sea surface in the presence of ozone

Garland¹,

Curtis²

1981

J. Geophys. Res.

141

119

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Iodine‐132 was used as a tracer to demonstrate that ozone causes iodine vapor to be released from the sea surface. This rate of release was porportional to ozone concentration in the range 0–100 ppb and depended on mixing of the water phase. At the mean ozone concentration existing at the sea surface the rate of iodine release was equivalent to an annual contribution of 6 to 12 × 1010 g to the atmosphere. This estimate is subject to uncertainties arising from inadequate knowledge of the mean concentration of iodide at the sea surface and the effect of mixing of the surface sea water on the rate of release of iodine. The significance of such a contribution to the iodine budget of the atmosphere is discussed.

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“…Several investigations have shown that ozone is removed from the atmosphere by reaction with natural surfaces including soil and vegetation [Galbally, 1971;Turner et al, 1974] and the sea [Aldaz, 1969;Regener, 1974]. These processes play a major role in the ozone budget of the troposphere and influence the lifetime and long-range transport of ozone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism for dry deposition of ozone to seawater surfaces

Garland¹,

Elzerman²,

Penkett³

1980

J. Geophys. Res.

140

141

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A simple model, in which deposition is limited by diffusion through a thin laminar film of water, has successfully described the deposition of several gases to the sea. However, the deposition velocity of ozone to seawater is 10–30 times greater than this model predicts. This enhancement is attributed to significant reactions of ozone with halides and other components of seawater within the laminar surface layer, and a modified version of the model for ozone, and possibly other reactive gases, is proposed. To test the model, comparisons were made of predicted and observed deposition velocities for ozone to solutions of sodium sulphite and nitrite. Measurements of the rate constants for the reaction of ozone with these solutions and with some components of seawater were made with a stopped flow apparatus. The reaction with iodide was too rapid for direct observation, but the rate constant was inferred from measurements of the deposition of ozone to iodide solutions. According to the model, iodide makes a substantial contribution to the deposition of ozone to seawater, but an additional, unidentified reaction is necessary to explain fully the deposition rate. A surfactant species may well be involved. The model indicates that the ozone is destroyed and the oxidation products produced in the top few microns of the sea. The production of molecular iodine at the surface may have significant geochemical consequences.

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Destruction of atmospheric ozone at the ocean surface

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Field measurement of small ozone fluxes to snow, wet bare soil, and lake water

Field measurement of small ozone fluxes to snow, wet bare soil, and lake water

Emission of iodine from the sea surface in the presence of ozone

The mechanism for dry deposition of ozone to seawater surfaces

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