Detachable Web-Based Learning Framework to Overcome Immature ICT Infrastructure Toward Smart Education

Abstract

Amid the recent disease outbreaks that have been spreading across the world, the education systems in every country have witnessed a dramatic transformation. In particular, the situation has promoted online learning on an unprecedented scale, with classes being held virtually on digital platforms. This vital transformation is a major challenge in developing countries where information infrastructure for remote learning is lacking. Inspired by these observations, this study first investigated the obstacles in the way of the deployment of smart education systems (SESs) in developing countries from a technical perspective. Consequently, a detachable SES framework, named vSmartEdu, is proposed. The framework is based on a hybrid online/offline web-service model, which adopts a service-based architecture (SBA) design concept to develop smart classrooms. In particular, the online mode is activated for a web-based classroom if an Internet service is available. In contrast, the offline-version of the system is available in offline mode in packaged form, and is utilized when the Internet is not available in a local classroom. Finally, a prototype was deployed to collect feedback from learners and educators at various educational levels. The trial implementation and survey results concretely validate the feasibility and advantages of the proposed solution.

An Expert-Opinion-Based Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Technology-Enhanced Learning Using Z-Numbers and Fuzzy Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights

“…Studies have explored the integration of these technologies to facilitate personalized learning experiences, adaptive assessment, and intelligent feedback mechanisms [35][36][37][38][39]. Additionally, the development of cloud-based learning platforms and mobile applications has expanded access to education, enabling learners to engage in learning anytime and anywhere [40][41][42].…”

The significance of senior education in the Internet era for the construction of lifelong education system

“…, the functions associated with it are and , and eliminate to obtain . Calculate the posterior probability distribution: (10) Based on the prior probability of an object, its posterior probability is calculated using Bayes' theorem, and then the class label with the maximum posterior probability is selected as the prediction class label of the event. The minimum error rate sense is optimized for the Bayesian network topology, and for the test instance ( denotes the number of attributes) to be classified, the prediction class label is calculated as follows: (11) The joint probability in Eq.…”

“…At the present stage, China's population is aging rapidly while the quality of the elderly population is improving, and the senior education market ushers in a period of strong demand. How to better meet the market demand for senior education has become a problem that must be solved nowadays [10][11][12][13]. It is the common responsibility and obligation of the whole society to improve the information literacy of the elderly group so that the elderly can integrate into the information society, enjoy all the conveniences brought by information technology, and live and live in a quality way [14][15][16][17].…”

Digital Transformation in Secondary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review

“…DT leadership [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49]. Technologies used [38], [39], [59], [46], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [51], [87], [88].…”