Detailed imager evaluation and unique applications of a new 20x25-cm size mercuric iodide thick film x-ray detector

“…In addition, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of indirect conversion X‐ray detectors is influenced by the complex structure of scintillator, and the typical sensitivity is ≈0.3 μCmGy air −1 cm −2 . [ 6 ] In contrast, direct conversion X‐ray detectors convert X‐ray photons directly into charge carriers, which is advantageous for improving the photon utilization efficiency, spatial resolution, and response time. As an example, traditional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have realized excellent photoelectron multiplication gain and ultrafast response time (0.5 ns) for X‐ray detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ε‐Ga₂O₃ Thin Film Avalanche Low‐Energy X‐Ray Detectors for Highly Sensitive Detection and Fast‐Response Applications

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Low‐energy X‐ray detectors are widely used in diverse areas, including medical diagnosis, space exploration, environmental monitoring, industrial inspection, and scientific research. Developing large area, highly sensitive, and fast low‐energy X‐ray detectors is challenging owing to material and device operation mechanism limitation. Herein, an epitaxial ε‐Ga2O3 thin film over a large area (2 in.) is prepared by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition and applied in the efficient low‐energy X‐ray detectors. The detectors are highly sensitive to detecting low‐energy X‐rays owing to the high mass attenuation coefficients achieved in the low‐energy X‐ray range (1–30 keV). The avalanche multiplication mechanism in back‐to‐back Au–Ga2O3 Schottky diodes is explored to realize high carrier multiplication and photocurrent gain. The charge collection efficiency is improved by reducing the spacing gap of the fingers within the coplanar interdigitated Au electrodes in the film, thus achieving a high detection sensitivity of up to 1.9 × 104 μCGyair−1 cm−2 for 30 keV X‐ray. Furthermore, the ε‐Ga2O3 thin films demonstrate high crystallization quality with low trap density and high breakdown voltage with a low noise current that enable their usage in applications requiring fast response time (e.g., 37 ms) and low detectable dose rate (e.g., 42.3 μGyair s−1).

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“…The perovskite SCs can provide grain boundary free and low defect density features, which show outstanding pristine optoelectronic properties and act as an ideal platform to investigate their potential in X-ray detection. − Sensitivity over 10 000 μC Gy air –1 cm –2 and LoD less than 10 nGy air s –1 have been achieved in both lead- and bismuth-based perovskites, which is obviously outperformed than commercialized amorphous selenium (a-Se) and thallium-doped cesium iodide (CsI:TI) detectors. − However, the achievable size of the single crystal is far smaller than that required for typical clinic tasks. In addition, the manufacture of fragile perovskite SCs and their integration with the commercial electronic readout backplanes are still challenging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Free Laminated Fabrication of Lead Halide Perovskites for Sensitive and Stable X-ray Detection

Zhang

Zhao

Xin

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

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The halide perovskite X-ray detector can meet the urgent needs of lowdose medical imaging by X-rays. However, there is still a pressing challenge in lacking robust methods for large-scale fabrication of high-quality perovskite films with tunable thickness. Here we report a laminated fabrication of polycrystalline MAPbI 3 by using solvent-free liquid perovskite molten-salt (PMS), that offers reduced toxic issue, scalable fabrication, and highly tunability in film thickness. Nylon membrane was chosen as a scaffold for the infiltration of PMS, which simultaneously acts as a physical barrier to suppress the ionic migration in the MAPbI 3 -nylon composite (denoted as MAPbI 3 -LLP). The enhanced material properties result in good stability and high performance of X-ray detectors that show low detection limit and high sensitivity. Additionally, single gammaray photon detection was realized by MAPbI 3 -LLP detectors. The promising performance characteristics of such polycrystalline detectors can accelerate the adoption of polycrystalline perovskites in X-ray imaging and gamma-ray detection.

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Detailed imager evaluation and unique applications of a new 20x25-cm size mercuric iodide thick film x-ray detector

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Large area mercuric iodide and lead iodide X-ray detectors for medical and non-destructive industrial imaging

Large area mercuric iodide and lead iodide X-ray detectors for medical and non-destructive industrial imaging

ε‐Ga₂O₃ Thin Film Avalanche Low‐Energy X‐Ray Detectors for Highly Sensitive Detection and Fast‐Response Applications

Solvent Free Laminated Fabrication of Lead Halide Perovskites for Sensitive and Stable X-ray Detection

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Detailed imager evaluation and unique applications of a new 20x25-cm size mercuric iodide thick film x-ray detector

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Large area mercuric iodide and lead iodide X-ray detectors for medical and non-destructive industrial imaging

Large area mercuric iodide and lead iodide X-ray detectors for medical and non-destructive industrial imaging

ε‐Ga2O3 Thin Film Avalanche Low‐Energy X‐Ray Detectors for Highly Sensitive Detection and Fast‐Response Applications

Solvent Free Laminated Fabrication of Lead Halide Perovskites for Sensitive and Stable X-ray Detection

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ε‐Ga₂O₃ Thin Film Avalanche Low‐Energy X‐Ray Detectors for Highly Sensitive Detection and Fast‐Response Applications