“…Epigallocatechin, catechin, and epicatechin gallate [102] ↓ pERK1/2 phosphorylation ↓ oxLDL plasma levels [103] Catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid [107] ↓ urinary NAG activity ↓ renal histopathological lesion ↓ urea and serum creatinine [107] Ferulic acid ↓ serum BUN and creatinine levels ↓ urinary albumin concentration and urinary NAG activity ↑ CAT activity ↑ RvE1 concentration ↑ PPAR-γ gene expression [108] Ferulic acid [110] Prevented disruption of the normal renal architecture ↓ creatinine, BUN, LDH, TNFa, and KIM-1 levels [109] Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, (+)-catechin, (β)-epicatechin, and rutin [112] ↓ MDA, Hyp, and Hcy [111] P-couramic, caffeic, and ferulic acids [114] ↓ serum MDA, lipid peroxidation ↑ plasma catalase and total antioxidant capacity ↑ Cr ↓ chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells and sperm shape abnormalities [113] Betacyanins [115] ↓ plasma creatinine, BUN, and NGAL ↓ tubular damage ↑ MDA levels ↓ Nrf2 levels ↑ NO 2 − /NO 3 − levels [115] Isoflavones (daidzein, daidzin, genistin, biochanin A, and glycitein) [116] ↓ cytoplasmic IFN-γ expression ↓ Casp-3 expression ↓ IL-6, IL-1b, TGF-b1, TLR-4, F4/80 and TNF-a in kidneys ↓ BUN and UA ↑ CAT [116] Flavonoids and terpenoids [117] ↓ blood urea and creatinine ↑ glutathione peroxidase activity [117] Table 1. Cont.…”