Abstract:Sete cavalos adultos de status sanitário convencional foram inoculados por via intranasal com a estirpe brasileira A4/72 do herpesvírus eqüino tipo 1 (EHV-1). Nos primeiros dez dias após a inoculação viral, todos os cavalos apresentaram manifestações de infecção respiratória leve e restrita às vias aéreas anteriores. Apesar de possuírem títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes antes da inoculação, alguns cavalos apresentaram soroconversão após o desafio viral. O EHV-1 não foi isolado a partir das secreções nasais … Show more
“…A total of 60 experimental EHV‐1 infection studies met our inclusion criteria 24‐83 . The key characteristics of these studies are reported in Table 2.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Four studies failed to detect virus in nasal swab samples using virus isolation. 44,56,60,78 In 1 case, PCR detected EHV-1 DNA in the nasal swab samples. 44 Combined intranasal and intravenous administration of EHV-1 strain Army 183 to horses resulted in negative nasal and PBMC samples.…”
Section: Nasal Sheddingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The majority (19/23) of these studies demonstrated 100% sensitivity using this method. 25,29,36,37,45,52,53,57,60,[65][66][67]72,73,75,77,79,80,82…”
Section: Viremiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…24,25,[32][33][34][35][36]43,50,54,55,61,[63][64]70 Viremia also decreased over time and remained detectable in some horses ≥21 days after inoculation (Table 1). 29,50,60,65,75,79 In the majority of experimental studies, duration and/or range of EHV-1 detection in nasal secretions by culture and/or PCR was reported. [24][25][26][27][28][29][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][52][53][54]…”
Section: Relative Sensitivity Of Ehv-1 Detection In Nasal Swabs or Bl...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A total of 47 studies used virus isolation methods to detect EHV-1. 24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][47][48][49][50]52,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]74,[76][77][78][79]82 In these studies, RK-13 cells were used in the majority (66%) of the experiments. A total of 23 studies used PCR either as the only method or in combination with virus isolation.…”
Section: Description Of the Included Experimental Studiesmentioning
BackgroundEquine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV‐1) infection is associated with upper respiratory disease, EHM, abortions, and neonatal death.Research QuestionsAre nasal secretions a more sensitive biological sample compared to blood for the detection of EHV‐1 infection? How long is EHV‐1 detectable after primary infection by PCR?MethodsMedLine and Web of Science searches identified original peer‐reviewed reports evaluating nasal shedding and viremia using virus isolation methods or PCR published in English before October 9, 2023.ResultsSixty experimental and 20 observational studies met inclusion criteria. EHV‐1 detection frequency by qPCR in nasal secretions and blood from naturally‐infected horses with fever and respiratory signs were 15% and 9%, respectively; qPCR detection rates in nasal secretions and blood from horses with suspected EHM were 94% and 70%, respectively. In experimental studies the sensitivity of qPCR matched or exceeded that seen for virus isolation from either nasal secretions or blood. Detection of nasal shedding typically occurred within 2 days after EHV‐1 inoculation with a detection period of 3 to 7 days. Viremia lasted 2 to 7 days and was usually detected ≥1 days after positive identification of EHV‐1 in nasal secretions. Nasal shedding and viremia decreased over time and remained detectable in some horses for several weeks after inoculation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUnder experimental conditions, blood and nasal secretions have similar sensitivity for the detection of EHV‐1 when horses are sampled on multiple consecutive days. In contrast, in observational studies detection of EHV‐1 in nasal secretions was consistently more successful.
“…A total of 60 experimental EHV‐1 infection studies met our inclusion criteria 24‐83 . The key characteristics of these studies are reported in Table 2.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Four studies failed to detect virus in nasal swab samples using virus isolation. 44,56,60,78 In 1 case, PCR detected EHV-1 DNA in the nasal swab samples. 44 Combined intranasal and intravenous administration of EHV-1 strain Army 183 to horses resulted in negative nasal and PBMC samples.…”
Section: Nasal Sheddingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The majority (19/23) of these studies demonstrated 100% sensitivity using this method. 25,29,36,37,45,52,53,57,60,[65][66][67]72,73,75,77,79,80,82…”
Section: Viremiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…24,25,[32][33][34][35][36]43,50,54,55,61,[63][64]70 Viremia also decreased over time and remained detectable in some horses ≥21 days after inoculation (Table 1). 29,50,60,65,75,79 In the majority of experimental studies, duration and/or range of EHV-1 detection in nasal secretions by culture and/or PCR was reported. [24][25][26][27][28][29][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][52][53][54]…”
Section: Relative Sensitivity Of Ehv-1 Detection In Nasal Swabs or Bl...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A total of 47 studies used virus isolation methods to detect EHV-1. 24,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][47][48][49][50]52,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]74,[76][77][78][79]82 In these studies, RK-13 cells were used in the majority (66%) of the experiments. A total of 23 studies used PCR either as the only method or in combination with virus isolation.…”
Section: Description Of the Included Experimental Studiesmentioning
BackgroundEquine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV‐1) infection is associated with upper respiratory disease, EHM, abortions, and neonatal death.Research QuestionsAre nasal secretions a more sensitive biological sample compared to blood for the detection of EHV‐1 infection? How long is EHV‐1 detectable after primary infection by PCR?MethodsMedLine and Web of Science searches identified original peer‐reviewed reports evaluating nasal shedding and viremia using virus isolation methods or PCR published in English before October 9, 2023.ResultsSixty experimental and 20 observational studies met inclusion criteria. EHV‐1 detection frequency by qPCR in nasal secretions and blood from naturally‐infected horses with fever and respiratory signs were 15% and 9%, respectively; qPCR detection rates in nasal secretions and blood from horses with suspected EHM were 94% and 70%, respectively. In experimental studies the sensitivity of qPCR matched or exceeded that seen for virus isolation from either nasal secretions or blood. Detection of nasal shedding typically occurred within 2 days after EHV‐1 inoculation with a detection period of 3 to 7 days. Viremia lasted 2 to 7 days and was usually detected ≥1 days after positive identification of EHV‐1 in nasal secretions. Nasal shedding and viremia decreased over time and remained detectable in some horses for several weeks after inoculation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUnder experimental conditions, blood and nasal secretions have similar sensitivity for the detection of EHV‐1 when horses are sampled on multiple consecutive days. In contrast, in observational studies detection of EHV‐1 in nasal secretions was consistently more successful.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.