Detecting and monitoring erosion-corrosion using ring pair electrical resistance sensor in conjunction with electrochemical measurements

An Overview of Major Experimental Methods and Apparatus for Measuring and Investigating Erosion-Corrosion of Ferrous-Based Steels

“…The flow loop is composed of a water tank, a centrifugal pump which is normally used to allow the sand particle passing through, a pressure gauge, and a flow meter. According to the measured hydrodynamic parameters, the distributions of the flow velocity, wall shear stress, and sand concentration at a certain pipe section ( Figure 6) can be well predicted from the CFD simulation [76]. The CFD simulation results can facilitate understanding the non-uniform erosion-corrosion behavior.…”

“…However, the erosion-corrosion behaviors of complex pipe sections such as the elbow and pipe weldment, and the pipe sections having a diameter change cannot be simulated using rotating disc/cylinder and slurry jet rig. As a result, test flow loops which allow the installation of different kinds of sensors are always adopted to study the erosion-corrosion behaviors of some typical pipe sections [6,14,[71][72][73][74][75][76]. The test flow loop can provide a more realistic erosion-corrosion condition which directly corresponds to practice energy pipelines.…”

“…Nevertheless, the wear of the pump in the flow loop would lead to a high cost for periodical restoration or replacement. Figure 6 shows a typical test flow loop which was used for the study of the inhomogeneous erosion-corrosion behavior around the pipe circle using a designed sensor system [76]. The flow loop is composed of a water tank, a centrifugal pump which is normally used to allow the sand particle passing through, a pressure gauge, and a flow meter.…”

“…Figure 6. A test flow loop used for the erosion-corrosion behavior around of the pipe circle and the CFD simulation results of the flow velocity, wall shear stress, and sand concentration distribution around the pipe circle under 1.5 m/s flow rate [76], adapted from [76], with permission from Elsevier, 2019. [75], adapted from [75], with permission from Elsevier, 2019.…”

“…Although electrochemical techniques can gain the corrosion current easily and rapidly, they are not suitable for erosion-corrosion monitoring in the field, especially for energy pipelines, due to the inability to directly measure the non-Faradaic part of the metal loss [9,37]. Therefore, electrical resistance (ER) probes as shown in Figure 8 are used to monitor the total metal loss caused by erosion-corrosion in most industrial applications [76,77,[79][80][81][82][83][84][85]. Figure 8a shows a typical erosion-corrosion ER probe with its sensing part in a rectangular form.…”