Detecting diseases of neglected seminal vesicles using imaging modalities: A review of current literature

Abstract

Seminal vesicles (SVs) are sex accessory organs and part of male genitourinary system. They play a critical role in male fertility. Diseases of the SVs, usually results in infertility. Diseases of the SVs are extremely rare and are infrequently reported in the literature. We address the current literature of SV pathologies, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. We review the clinical importance of SVs from PubMed. The current imaging modalities and instrumentation that help diagnose SV diseases are reviewed. Common pathologies including, infection, cysts, tumors, and congenital diseases of the SVs are addressed. Many times symptoms of hematospermia, pain, irritative and obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms, and infertility are presented in patients with SV diseases.

Multiple schwannoma of the seminal vesicle

“…Transrectal ultrasonography is the first-line method to detect urogenital tumors, and it can dynamically visualize the lesions. [ 14 ] The reason why the number of lesions was not observed in this case was that the lesions had similar intervals or overlaps, and echoes were similar, and it is difficult to display the spatial relationship of the mass by two-dimensional ultrasound. Transrectal ultrasound could only be used to describe the general echoes of the lesions as well as the boundary and blood flow.…”

“…According to these existing reports, schwannoma of the seminal vesicle usually does not cause clinical symptoms; however, when the surrounding tissues are compressed, there are some nonspecific symptoms, such as hemospermia, pain, irritation, obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms and infertility. [ 3 , 14 ]…”

Recurrent primary leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicle treated with curative radiotherapy.

“…Primary malignant sarcomas arising from the urinary tract and male genital tract has been defined as urological sarcomas; the most common sites of origin are paratesticular space, prostate, bladder and kidney. 2 Leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicles is exceptionally rare. 1 MRI, 3,4 CT and 18 F-FDG-PET/ CT are useful tools in diagnostic workup in this disease.…”

Recurrent primary leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicle treated with curative radiotherapy

“…Discussion Primary malignant sarcomas arising from the urinary tract and male genital tract has been defined as urological sarcomas; the most common sites of origin are paratesticular space, prostate, bladder and kidney. 2 Leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicles is exceptionally rare. 1 MRI, 3,4 CT and 18 F-FDG-PET/CT are useful tools in diagnostic workup in this disease.…”