Detecting freeze injury and seasonal cold-hardening of cells and tissues in the gall fly larvae, Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae) using fluorescent vital dyes

Yi, Shu‐Xia; Lee, Richard

doi:10.1016/s0022-1910(03)00168-9

Cited by 71 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As hypothesized, we found that cold acclimation also improved cellular survival, as muscle cells from coldacclimated animals had sustained less tissue damage after ≥24 h of cold stress. This observation is consistent with earlier work by Yi and Lee (2003), who found that seasonal cold acclimation and rapid cold hardening improved cellular survival in the freeze-tolerant gall fly larvae Eurosta solidaginis. A similar trend has been observed in the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis (Yi and Lee, 2004;Teets et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussion Cold Acclimation Improves Organismal and Cellularsupporting

confidence: 93%

Cold-acclimation improves chill tolerance in the migratory locust through preservation of ion balance and membrane potential

Andersen

Folkersen

MacMillan

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Most insects have the ability to alter their cold tolerance in response to temporal temperature fluctuations, and recent studies have shown that insect cold tolerance is closely tied to the ability to maintain transmembrane ion gradients that are important for the maintenance of cell membrane potential (V m ). Several studies have therefore suggested a link between preservation of V m and cellular survival after cold stress, but none has measured V m in this context. We tested this hypothesis by acclimating locusts (Locusta migratoria) to high (31°C) and low temperature (11°C) for 4 days before exposing them to cold stress (0°C) for up to 48 h and subsequently measuring ion balance, cell survival, muscle V m , and whole animal performance. Cold stress caused gradual muscle cell death, which coincided with a loss of ion balance and depolarization of muscle V m . The loss of ion balance and cell polarization were, however, dampened markedly in cold-acclimated locusts such that the development of chill injury was reduced. To further examine the association between cellular injury and V m we exposed in vitro muscle preparations to cold buffers with low, intermediate, or. These experiments revealed that cellular injury during cold exposure occurs when V m becomes severely depolarized. Interestingly, we found that cellular sensitivity to hypothermic hyperkalaemia was lower in cold-acclimated locusts that were better able to defend V m whilst exposed to high extracellular [K + ]. Together these results demonstrate a mechanism of cold acclimation in locusts that improves survival after cold stress: increased cold tolerance is accomplished by preservation of V m through maintenance of ion homeostasis and decreased K + sensitivity.

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Section: Discussion Cold Acclimation Improves Organismal and Cellularsupporting

confidence: 93%

Cold-acclimation improves chill tolerance in the migratory locust through preservation of ion balance and membrane potential

Andersen

Folkersen

MacMillan

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…In our study, we did not observe changes of actin within the Malpighian tubules, ovaries, or thoracic muscles; only the midgut displayed obvious actin changes in response to low temperature. Specific tissues in different species and different developmental stages have their own distinct responses related to survival at high or low temperature (Krebs and Feder, 1997;Yi and Lee, 2003;Lee et al, 2006), and it appears that the midgut is one of the tissues most responsive to low temperature in Cx. pipiens..…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of two actin genes and redistribution of actin during diapause and cold stress in the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens

Kim

Robich

Rinehart

et al. 2006

Journal of Insect Physiology

129

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Two actin genes cloned from Culex pipiens L. are upregulated during adult diapause. Though actins 1 and 2 were expressed throughout diapause, both genes were most highly expressed early in diapause. These changes in gene expression were accompanied by a conspicuous redistribution of polymerized actin that was most pronounced in the midguts of diapausing mosquitoes that were exposed to low temperature. In nondiapausing mosquitoes reared at 25°C and in diapausing mosquitoes reared at 18°C, polymerized actin was clustered at high concentrations at the intersections of the muscle fibers that form the midgut musculature. When adults 7-10 days post-eclosion were exposed to low temperature (-5°C for 12h), the polymerized actin was evenly distributed along the muscle fibers in both nondiapausing and diapausing mosquitoes. Exposure of older adults (1month post-eclosion) to low temperature (−5°C for 12h) elicited an even greater distribution of polymerized actin, an effect that was especially pronounced in diapausing mosquitoes. These changes in gene expression and actin distribution suggest a role for actins in enhancing survival of diapausing adults during the low temperatures of winter by fortification of the cytoskeleton.

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“…Following a 24h recovery from exposure to -18°C, midguts were dissected from living, non-moribund larvae in Coast's solution (Coast and Krasnoff, 1988). Tissue samples were stained using the The Journal of Experimental Biology 216 (20) THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LIVE/DEAD sperm viability kit, as described previously (Yi and Lee, 2003), and images were documented using fluorescent microscopy. With this staining technique, living cells with intact membranes fluoresced green, whereas dead cells with damaged membranes fluoresced red.…”

Section: Assessment Of Cell Survival Of Midgut Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

The protective effect of rapid cold-hardening develops more quickly in frozen versus supercooled larvae of the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica

Kawarasaki

Teets

Denlinger

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYDuring the austral summer, larvae of the terrestrial midge Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae) experience highly variable and often unpredictable thermal conditions. In addition to remaining freeze tolerant year-round, larvae are capable of swiftly increasing their cold tolerance through the rapid cold-hardening (RCH) response. The present study compared the induction of RCH in frozen versus supercooled larvae. At the same induction temperature, RCH occurred more rapidly and conferred a greater level of cryoprotection in frozen versus supercooled larvae. Furthermore, RCH in frozen larvae could be induced at temperatures as low as -12°C, which is the lowest temperature reported to induce RCH. Remarkably, as little as 15min at -5°C significantly enhanced larval cold tolerance. Not only is protection from RCH acquired swiftly, but it is also quickly lost after thawing for 2h at 2°C. Because the primary difference between frozen and supercooled larvae is cellular dehydration caused by freeze concentration of body fluids, we also compared the effects of acclimation in dehydrated versus frozen larvae. Because slow dehydration without chilling significantly increased larval survival to a subsequent cold exposure, we hypothesize that cellular dehydration caused by freeze concentration promotes the rapid acquisition of cold tolerance in frozen larvae.

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Detecting freeze injury and seasonal cold-hardening of cells and tissues in the gall fly larvae, Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae) using fluorescent vital dyes

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Cold-acclimation improves chill tolerance in the migratory locust through preservation of ion balance and membrane potential

Cold-acclimation improves chill tolerance in the migratory locust through preservation of ion balance and membrane potential

Upregulation of two actin genes and redistribution of actin during diapause and cold stress in the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens

The protective effect of rapid cold-hardening develops more quickly in frozen versus supercooled larvae of the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica

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