Detecting hypoglycemia by using the brain as a biosensor

Elsborg, Rasmus; Remvig, Line Sofie; Beck‐Nielsen, Henning; Juhl, Claus Bogh

doi:10.5772/17018

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Power estimates were computed continuously for 4 s epochs, with 75% overlap between epochs. For further details, see the works of Elsborg and coauthors 14 and Juhl and coauthors. 8 To ensure that the EEG features were normally distributed (relevant for the later detection of hypoglycemia described in the following subsection), the power estimates were squared and log transformed.…”

Section: Procedures For Electroencephalogram Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemia-Associated Electroencephalogram and Electrocardiogram Changes Appear Simultaneously

Larsen¹,

Højlund

Poulsen

et al. 2013

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Section: Procedures For Electroencephalogram Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemia-Associated Electroencephalogram and Electrocardiogram Changes Appear Simultaneously

Larsen¹,

Højlund

Poulsen

et al. 2013

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…5 EEGs are often analyzed in the frequency domain, where signals are subjected to spectral analysis. For clinical purposes, EEG is subdivided into bandwidths denoted as beta (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31), alpha (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), theta (4-7 Hz), and delta (<4 Hz), see Figure A1 and A2 in the appendix. Most of the cerebral signal observed in the scalp EEG falls in the range of 1-20 Hz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemia-Induced Changes in the Electroencephalogram

Blaabjerg

Juhl

2016

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Hypoglycemia is defined by an abnormally low blood glucose level. The condition develops when rates of glucose entry into the systematic circulation are reduced relative to the glucose uptake by the tissues. A cardinal manifestation of hypoglycemia arises from inadequate supply of glucose to the brain, where glucose is the primary metabolic fuel. The brain is one of the first organs to be affected by hypoglycemia. Shortage of glucose in the brain, or neuroglycopenia, results in a gradual loss of cognitive functions causing slower reaction time, blurred speech, loss of consciousness, seizures, and ultimately death, as the hypoglycemia progresses. The electrical activity in the brain represents the metabolic state of the brain cells and can be measured by electroencephalography (EEG). An association between hypoglycemia and changes in the EEG has been demonstrated, although blood glucose levels alone do not seem to predict neuroglycopenia. This review provides an overview of the current literature regarding changes in the EEG during episodes of low blood glucose.

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“…We also note that the graphs shown in Figures 2-5 resemble electromagnetic field signals that could be obtained in the other contexts involving wave propagation in a medium with weakly-random variations in time, such as the bio-electromagnetic fluctuations from the human brain [2] that are measured using the EEG method [1,16]. Configurations similar to those described here could be used to model these other types of waves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In a plasma such as the ionosphere, the nondimensional functions r (t) and μ r (t) are O (1), and the constant c 2 |λ| which has dimension t −2 and units s −2 , can be considered to be "large" provided that |λ| is larger than 1/9 × 10 −16 m −2 . In that case, the second and third terms in the coefficient of V in (38) is negligible compared with the first term, and V can thus be approximated by the functionṼ which satisfiesṼ…”

Section: Solutions Corresponding To λ =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Field Solutions in an Isotropic Medium With Weakly-Random Fluctuations in Time and Some Applications in the Electrodynamics of the Ionosphere

Nijimbere¹,

Campbell²

2019

PIER B

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Stochastic wave equations are derived to describe electromagnetic wave propagation in an isotropic medium in which the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability are weaklyrandom functions of time. Approximate analytical solutions are obtained using separation of variables and the WKB method for some configurations that can be used to model the electromagnetic field in the ionosphere. The form of the initial and boundary conditions determines whether the solution takes a form representing a direct current electric field or continuous pulsation electromagnetic waves. The temporal variation of the calculated induced electromotive force (EMF) is in agreement with observations.

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Detecting hypoglycemia by using the brain as a biosensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Hypoglycemia-Associated Electroencephalogram and Electrocardiogram Changes Appear Simultaneously

Hypoglycemia-Associated Electroencephalogram and Electrocardiogram Changes Appear Simultaneously

Hypoglycemia-Induced Changes in the Electroencephalogram

Electromagnetic Field Solutions in an Isotropic Medium With Weakly-Random Fluctuations in Time and Some Applications in the Electrodynamics of the Ionosphere

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