Detecting quantumness witness with atoms manipulated by the fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage processes

Experimental realization of stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage with cold atoms

“…Second, the STIRAP can couple two states that can't be directly coupled, such as transferring population between two atomic states with the same parity (which can't be directly coupled via electric dipole transition) [22], or transferring the atomic state to the molecular state [3]. Furthermore, with large single-photon detuning, double coherent adiabatic passages exist [23][24][25], which guarantees the capacity for state transfer between arbitrary states [25][26][27]. Interestingly, several theoretical protocols have been proposed to speed up the STIRAP by adding an additional microwave field in various atom and molecular systems [28][29][30][31].…”