Detecting relative position of user devices and mobile access points

Kholkine, Leonid; Santos, Pedro M.; Cardote, André; Aguiar, Ana

doi:10.1109/vnc.2016.7835968

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Recent studies were carried out in these years. For example, references [13,40] evaluated if a mobile AP installed on the bus helps detecting the relative position of a user device. This is to identify if a user device is inside or outside the bus.…”

Section: Emerging Automatic Passenger Counting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

iABACUS: A Wi-Fi-Based Automatic Bus Passenger Counting System

et al. 2020

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Since the early stages of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), one of the application scenarios that have been affected the most by this new paradigm is mobility. Smart Cities have greatly benefited from the awareness of some people’s habits to develop efficient mobility services. In particular, knowing how people use public transportation services and move throughout urban infrastructure is crucial in several areas, among which the most prominent are tourism and transportation. Indeed, especially for Public Transportation Companies (PTCs), long- and short-term planning of the transit network requires having a thorough knowledge of the flows of passengers in and out vehicles. Thanks to the ubiquitous presence of Internet connections, this knowledge can be easily enabled by sensors deployed on board of public transport vehicles. In this paper, a Wi-Fi-based Automatic Bus pAssenger CoUnting System, named iABACUS, is presented. The objective of iABACUS is to observe and analyze urban mobility by tracking passengers throughout their journey on public transportation vehicles, without the need for them to take any action. Test results proves that iABACUS efficiently detects the number of devices with an active Wi-Fi interface, with an accuracy of 100% in the static case and almost 94% in the dynamic case. In the latter case, there is a random error that only appears when two bus stops are very close to each other.

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Section: Emerging Automatic Passenger Counting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

iABACUS: A Wi-Fi-Based Automatic Bus Passenger Counting System

et al. 2020

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Empirical Study on the Accuracy and Precision of Automatic Passenger Counting in European Bus Services

Olivo¹,

Maternini²,

Barabino³

2019

TOTJ

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Background: An Automatic Passenger Counting system represents a powerful resource for an efficient operational planning of public transport companies, but it gives rise to several challenges such as accuracy and precision, which must be addressed in order to operate successfully. Objective: Unlike previous studies in the North American bus market, this paper evaluates the accuracy and precision of an infrared APC system in a European bus market. Methods: The accuracy is evaluated by considering: (i) the presence/absence of the error and its direction; (ii) the magnitude of the error disregarding the direction and (iii) some tests on the nature of the error. The precision is evaluated by direct and inverse regression models and some t-test on biases. Results: As for accuracy, a small average magnitude of the errors is observed. In addition, the APC accurately measures alighting passengers, while it presents a slight tendency to systematically undercount boarding passengers. As for precision, the amount of measurement error due to the APC system exists and, even if it is relatively contained, it is statistically significant for boarding and alighting passengers. Conclusion: Although one type of APC system is evaluated only on one bus, it seems quite accurate for recording alighting passengers, whereas a correction factor should be applied for boarding passengers.

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Detecting relative position of user devices and mobile access points

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

iABACUS: A Wi-Fi-Based Automatic Bus Passenger Counting System

iABACUS: A Wi-Fi-Based Automatic Bus Passenger Counting System

Empirical Study on the Accuracy and Precision of Automatic Passenger Counting in European Bus Services

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