Detecting rock uplift across southern Taiwan mountain belt by integrated GPS and leveling data

Hsu, Yi Chiung; Lai, Yen Ru; You, Rey-Jer; Chen, Horng Yue; Teng, Louis S.; Tsai, Yi Yu; Tang, Chi Hsien; Su, Hsuan Han

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2018.07.012

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the Western Plain, there is more than 30 mm/year surface subsidence in coastal areas, likely due to anthropogenic groundwater pumping (Hsu et al, ; Huang et al, ; Tung & Hu, ) (Figure c). This observation is consistent with previous studies (Ching et al, ; Hsieh et al, ; Hsu et al, ; Hu et al, ; Huang, Bürgmann, & Hu, ). Along the Western Foothills (areas between the LunHou, the TsaoCheng, and the LunChuan Faults, labeled as 7, 9, and 14 in Figure c), we find up to 15 mm/year uplift in the southern part of the foothills.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vertical observations, we find up to 15 mm/year uplift in Central Range, and about 20 mm/year uplift in Coastal Range in east Taiwan. In the Western Plain, there is more than 30 mm/year surface subsidence in coastal areas, likely due to anthropogenic groundwater pumping (Hsu et al, ; Huang et al, ; Tung & Hu, ) (Figure c). This observation is consistent with previous studies (Ching et al, ; Hsieh et al, ; Hsu et al, ; Hu et al, ; Huang, Bürgmann, & Hu, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Western Plain, there is more than 30 mm/year surface subsidence in coastal areas, likely due to anthropogenic groundwater pumping (Hsu et al, 2018;Tung & Hu, 2012) (Figure 4c). This observation is consistent with previous studies (Ching et al, 2007;Hsieh et al, 2011;Hsu et al, 2018;Hu et al, 2007;Huang, Bürgmann, & Hu, 2016).…”

Section: Geodetic Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collision has built up a series of mountain ranges that are oriented northeast‐southwest and series of fold‐and‐thrust belts (Ching et al, ; Lin et al, ; Shyu et al, ) (Figure a). To characterize rapid crustal deformation in Taiwan, continuous GPS (CGPS) measurements have provided surface displacement throughout different phases of earthquake cycles (e.g., Ching, Hsieh, et al, ; Hsu et al, ; Hsu et al, ; Lin et al, ; Yu et al, ). Although the spacing between CGPS stations in Taiwan is generally less than 10 km, the density of the CGPS network may still not be high enough to detect and resolve deformation on closely spaced faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total Variation Regularization of Geodetically Constrained Block Models in Southwest Taiwan

Huang

Evans

2019

JGR Solid Earth

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Rapid convergence between the Eurasian plate and the Philippine Sea Plate makes Taiwan one of the most active tectonic regions in the world, and this strain is accommodated on a complex network of thrust and strike‐slip faulting. Here, we use ascending and descending Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data integrated with continuous GPS measurements to monitor interseismic deformation in southwest Taiwan. Geodetic observations show rapid (20–40 mm/year) southwestward motion in the Pingtung plain in south Taiwan and more than 10 mm/year uplift in the southern part of the Western Foothills. We use combined InSAR and CGPS measurements from 2004 to 2010 to constrain a block model of horizontal interseismic crustal deformation. Total variation regularization (TVR) serves as a tool for block model selection to algorithmically assess the block model geometry based on geodetic observations, simultaneously estimating block rotations and fault slip rates on block‐bounding faults. The block model results suggest that the margins of the Western Foothills accommodate most of the interseismic deformation in southwestern Taiwan. Thirty‐five independent blocks are required to explain interseismic crustal deformation with a mean residual velocity of 3.6 mm/year. Based on this horizontal model, we then forward predict vertical displacement and find good consistency between the predicted uplift and the geodetic observations. Our approach shows an efficient and objective way to estimate fault activities and seismic hazards in the interseismic period based on dense geodetic measurements and their uncertainties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geodetic Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total Variation Regularization of Geodetically Constrained Block Models in Southwest Taiwan

Huang

Evans

2019

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Previous studies suggested an island-wide mean uplift rate of 5 mm/yr (Suppe, 1989), while more recently it has been suggested that longterm uplift rates may be highest in the north central part of the island, and lower in the south (e.g., Fox et al, 2014). Modern geodetic measurements suggest that the southern Coastal Range may be uplifting at rates ranging from 0 mm/yr on the eastern margin to >10 mm/yr in the western margin (Hsu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Geologic Setting: Taiwanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea-level responses to rapid sediment erosion and deposition in Taiwan

Ruetenik

Ferrier

Creveling

et al. 2020

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Numerous studies have shown that sediment deposition can perturb sea level by several meters over millennial timescales by modifying the gravity field, crustal elevation, and sediment thickness. Relatively few studies have focused on the complementary role of erosion on sea-level change despite its effects on the same quantities, partly because many rapidly eroding mountains are too far from shorelines to strongly perturb sea level at the coast. Taiwan, a mountainous island eroding rapidly within tens of km of the coast, offers an opportunity to investigate the joint influences of rapid onshore erosion and rapid offshore deposition on sea-level change. Here we develop a sediment loading history for Taiwan since the previous interglacial (~120 ka) by compiling published erosion and deposition rate measurements and by applying a geometric marine sediment deposition and compaction model for sites without deposition rate measurements. We use the resulting sediment redistribution history to drive sea-level responses in a gravitationally self-consistent sea-level model. Our simulations show that the effects of rapid onshore erosion outweigh the effects of rapid offshore deposition along Taiwan's east coast.

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Revealing crustal deformation and strain rate in Taiwan using InSAR and GNSS

Franklin

Huang

2022

Preprint

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Interseismic deformation describes the gradual accumulation of crustal strain within the tectonic plate and along the plate boundaries before the sudden release as earthquakes. In this study, we use five years of high spatial and temporal geodetic measurements, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to monitor 3-dimension interseismic crustal deformation and horizontal strain rate in Taiwan. We find significant deformation (strain rate > 8x10 -6 yr -1 ) along the plate boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian plates in east Taiwan. The high strain rate in the southern part of the Western Foothills is distributed along a few major fault systems, which reveals the geometry of the deformation front in west Taiwan. Our results help identify active faults in southwest and north Taiwan that were not identified before. These findings can be insightful in informing future seismic hazard models.

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Detecting rock uplift across southern Taiwan mountain belt by integrated GPS and leveling data

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Total Variation Regularization of Geodetically Constrained Block Models in Southwest Taiwan

Total Variation Regularization of Geodetically Constrained Block Models in Southwest Taiwan

Sea-level responses to rapid sediment erosion and deposition in Taiwan

Revealing crustal deformation and strain rate in Taiwan using InSAR and GNSS

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