Detecting soil and plant community changes in restored wetlands using a chronosequence approach

Brown, Jordan; Norris, Mark D.

doi:10.1007/s11273-017-9574-7

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Restoration accelerated the rate of succession, causing indicators to diverge in unrestored and restored wetlands, contributing to evidence that active restoration accelerates the process of biodiversity recovery (Pezzati, Verones, Curran, Baustert, & Hellweg, 2018). Restoration had the biggest and most consistent effect on the plant community, increasing species richness in all wetlands, and species diversity in 16 wetlands, which is in line with previous studies (Berkowitz, 2019;J. Brown & Norris, 2018).…”

Section: Plant and Soil Lag Timesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A 100% increase in plant community metrics within the first 12 years since restoration is not uncommon in restored wetlands (J. Brown & Norris, 2018;Jin et al, 2020;Matthews et al, 2009;Morimoto, Shibata, Shida, & Nakamura, 2017). In contrast, soil physical and chemical characteristics tend to take longer to recover (Ballantine & Schneider, 2009;J.…”

Section: Plant Soil and Microbial Responses To Wetland Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have found that restoration greatly improves plant diversity and evenness (J. Brown & Norris, 2018;Jin et al, 2020;Yepsen et al, 2014), so much so that diversity and plant biomass often overshoots and is larger than what is found in remnant wetlands in the initial stages of establishment due to nutrient dynamics (J. Brown & Norris, 2018).…”

Section: Biophysical Changes From Wetland Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This response has been directly influenced by the planting of native and exotic species, which greatly accelerates the process of colonisation and reestablishment of native wetland communities, causing the plant community to recover faster than microbial and soil characteristics (J. Brown & Norris, 2018;Meli, Benayas, Balvanera, & Martínez Ramos, 2014). This increase in native plant diversity is encouraging, especially considering New Zealand lowland farms contains only 1.4% of native diversity that the land once contained (E. Dominati, Mackay, Bouma, & Green, 2016).…”

Section: Restoration Enhances Biodiversity and Habitat Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying soil, microbial, and plant community changes following wetland restoration on private land

Bentley¹

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<p>Extensive global and national wetland loss has reduced ecosystem services to people and undermines the sustainability of ecosystems. Restoration projects aim to regain the biophysical conditions of remnant wetlands that produce an abundance of ecosystem services. Ecological restoration practices manipulate community succession to enhance ecological functions, and these different successional stages may be reflected in the soil physio-chemical characteristics, plants, and soil microbes, which in turn produce a variety of ecosystem services. Considerable potential for wetland restoration on private property exists in New Zealand, but it remains unknown how successful restoration is when undertaken through a landholder’s own prerogative. Relative to restoration of public land, private restoration projects are often small scale, personally funded and preference driven. In this thesis, I quantify the outcomes of small-scale private wetland restoration projects by measuring changes in plant and soil microbial communities, and soil physiochemical characteristics. I explore the relationships among variation in plant, soil and microbial datasets and test for causes of this variation. Using a paired sampling design, I sampled 18 restored wetlands and 18 unrestored wetlands on private property in the Wairarapa region. I used a Whitaker plot design to sample wetland plant communities at multiple scales and took soil samples that I analysed for physio-chemical properties. Additionally, I quantified the biomass and community composition of the microbes in the soil samples using phospholipid fatty acid analysis. In my second chapter, I use linear mixed-effect models, principal components analysis, and non-metric multidimensional scaling to ask: How does wetland restoration alter the plant community, soil physio-chemical characteristics, and the soil microbial community? In my third chapter, I employ Procrustes analysis to look at the association of variation in plants, microbes, and soil characteristics to explore whether successional processes of these attributes are concurrent within wetlands. I then use hierarchical cluster analysis to determine which of the wetlands are at similar successional stages and identified site contexts and restoration treatments that were in common among similar wetlands. These analyses provide insight to the conditions that advance successional processes in restored wetlands. Specifically, I ask 1) How do plant, microbial, and soil characteristics co-vary during wetland restoration? 2) How do indicators of wetland succession respond to restoration? 3) Are different restoration practices and site contexts influencing wetland outcomes during restoration? Private wetland restoration enhanced succession in plant, soil, and microbial properties towards those more similar to undisturbed wetland conditions. Specifically, restoration added ~13 native plant species, increased totalfungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal biomass, and total microbial biomass by 25%. Restoration increased soil moisture by 93%, soil organic carbon by 20%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity by 27%. It also reduced bulk density by 0.19 g-1 cm3 and plant available phosphorus (Olsen P) by 23%. Procrustes analysis revealed a lack of congruence in the recovery of plant, microbial, and soil indicators of succession, signifying that the plant community succeeded faster than the microbial community and soil characteristics. Variation in soil and microbial properties separated restored wetlands into two groups of early and later succession wetlands, which was independent of the number of years since restoration began at the sites but corresponded to elements of wetland hydrology. Soil and microbial characteristics in hydrologically connected wetlands recovered more quickly following restoration than hydrologically isolated wetlands. Private restoration increased spatial heterogeneity of outcomes at the plot scale, which depended on site factors. My data suggests that private wetland restoration is effective in increasing plant, soil, and microbial characteristics that produce ecosystem services. Additionally, wetland restoration increased environmental heterogeneity and the capacity for ecosystem service delivery, which may contribute to increased resilience of the Wairarapa landscape.</p>

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Section: Plant and Soil Lag Timesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Plant Soil and Microbial Responses To Wetland Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biophysical Changes From Wetland Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restoration Enhances Biodiversity and Habitat Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying soil, microbial, and plant community changes following wetland restoration on private land

Bentley¹

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“…The studies following the first focus identified mismatches in traits that would otherwise be expected to be correlated, for example, a mismatch between the abundance and recruitment rate of mussel larvae [20]. The other studies [59,60] compared the provision of ecosystem services or function of natural and restored ecosystems formulating this comparison as a question of (mis)match.…”

Section: Functional-conceptual Mismatchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mismatches in the Ecosystem Services Literature—a Review of Spatial, Temporal, and Functional-Conceptual Mismatches

Winkler

Dade

Rieb

2021

Curr Landscape Ecol Rep

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Purpose of Review The objective of this review is to identify commonly researched ecosystem service mismatches, including mismatches concerning management and policies implemented to manage ecosystem service delivery. It additionally discusses how mismatches affect the ability to develop effective policies and management guidelines for ecosystem services. Recent Findings Recent ecosystem service literature considers mismatches in the ecosystem, the social system, and as social-ecological interactions. These mismatches occur over three dimensions: spatial, temporal, and functional-conceptual. The research field incorporates not only ecological aspects but also social ones like the management and governance of ecosystem services. However, the focus of the reviewed literature is mainly on spatial and temporal dimensions of mismatches and the production of scientific knowledge, rather than the implementation of the knowledge in management and policies. Summary Research on ecosystem service mismatches reflects the complexity and interconnectedness of social-ecological systems as it encompasses a broad variety of approaches. However, temporal mismatches received less attention than spatial mismatches, especially in regard to social and social-ecological aspects and could be a topic for future research. Furthermore, in order to develop effective policies and management guidelines, research must work closer with decision-makers to not only advance scientific understanding of ecosystem service mismatches but also create understanding and support the uptake of this knowledge.

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Sediment excavation as a wetland restoration technique had early effects on the developing vegetation community

Larson

Riens

Myerchin

et al. 2019

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Detecting soil and plant community changes in restored wetlands using a chronosequence approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 57 publications

Quantifying soil, microbial, and plant community changes following wetland restoration on private land

Quantifying soil, microbial, and plant community changes following wetland restoration on private land

Mismatches in the Ecosystem Services Literature—a Review of Spatial, Temporal, and Functional-Conceptual Mismatches

Sediment excavation as a wetland restoration technique had early effects on the developing vegetation community

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