Detecting Trends Using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient

Gautheir, Thomas D.

doi:10.1080/713848278

Cited by 128 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…9). For this, we estimate the Spearman's rank 623 correlation coefficient Rs (Gauthier 2001). The latter is a non-parametric measure of the 624 strength of a monotonic relationship between paired data measured on at least an ordinal 625 scale.…”

Section: Correlation With Topographic Parameters 619 620mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling

2015

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14 15Ground deformation has been demonstrated to be one of the most common signals of 16 volcanic unrest. Although volcanoes are commonly associated with significant 17 topographic relief, most analytical models assume the Earth's surface as flat. However, 18 it has been confirmed that this approximation can lead to important misinterpretations 19 of the recorded surface deformation data. Here we perform a systematic and quantitative 20 analysis of how topography may influence ground deformation signals generated by a 21 spherical pressure source embedded in an elastic homogeneous media and how these 22 variations correlate with the different topographic parameters characterizing the terrain 23 form (e.g. slope, aspect, curvature, etc.). For this, we bring together the results exposed 24 in previous published papers and complement them with new axisymmetric and 3D 25Finite Elements (FE) models results. First, we study, in a parametric way, the influence 26 of a volcanic edifice centered above the pressure source axis. Second, we carry out new 27 3D FE models simulating the real topography of three different volcanic areas 28 representative of topographic scenarios common in volcanic regions: Rabaul caldera 29 (Papua New Guinea) and the volcanic islands of Tenerife and El Hierro (Canary 30Islands). The calculated differences are then correlated with a series of topographic 31 parameters. The final aim is to investigate the artifacts that might arise from the use of 32 half-space models at volcanic areas due to diverse topographic features (e.g. collapse 33 caldera structures, prominent central edifices, large landslide scars, etc.). 34 35

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Section: Correlation With Topographic Parameters 619 620mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling

2015

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“…Strictly speaking, the test of Equation 2.6 should be applied to countries with growing per 12 See Yue et al [2002], p. 270, for complete mathematical and statistical details, or Gauthier [2001] and Conover (1980) It is observed energy consumption per capita instead of absolute energy consumption because, otherwise, the increases in energy consumption could be attributed to increases in population. An important limitation of this test is that the indirect consumption of energy is not investigated.…”

Section: Using Natural Resource Inflows As Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the data are correlated, then the sum of the square ranks will be small. The magnitude of the sum is related to the significance of the correlation (Gauthier, 2001). The Spearman's rank correlation is calculated according to the following equation:…”

Section: Using Natural Resource Inflows As Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Alternative Models in Sustainability Economics: Baumol versus Georgescu-Roegen

Amado

Meza

Sauer

2017

Desenvolv. Meio Ambiente

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ABSTRACT:Given the ubiquitous nature of the laws of thermodynamics, it would be reasonable to expect that the divergence between strong and weak sustainability could be subjected to critical tests. That is, it should be possible to use the neoclassical production theory and the laws of thermodynamics to generate predictions able to question the empirical adequacy of the neoclassical research program in terms of sustainability. However, the current state of the debate normally suggests the opposite, that is, the currently available evidence is not sufficient to build refutations. Contrary to this prognosis, we argue that it is possible to build critical tests to evaluate the models in dispute using evidence already available. However, such a construction requires that the analysis of the sustainability be not restricted to the type of evidence traditionally used by such models. We argue that alternative theories must be explicitly used to give meaning to new types of evidence. Without the explicit mobilization of alternative theories to evaluate new types of evidence, critics of the orthodox theory dwell on an epistemological trap, in which the questioned research program determines what is or what is not scientifically meaningful. To illustrate the prospects of the methodological proposal presented here, we apply this approach to a particular neoclassical model -the Baumol's model -, which explicitly supports the ability to indefinitely continue the trajectory of economic growth triggered by the Industrial Revolution. The results refute the tested neoclassical model, demonstrate the need to distinguish between intensive and extensive substitution of natural resources, and corroborate the Geogescu-Roegen fund-flow model.Keywords: testability; sustainable development; economic growth; natural resources; energy. RESUMO:Dado o caráter ubíquo das leis da termodinâmica, seria razoável esperar que a divergência entre sustentabilidade forte e sustentabilidade fraca pudesse ser submetida a testes críticos. Ou seja, deveria ser possível usar a teoria

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“…This is a rank-based test for correlation between two variables that can be used to test for a correlation between time and the data series (Gauthier, 2001). It can be used for trend detection but cannot be used for trend estimation.…”

Section: Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If seasonal cycles are present in the data, that test can be used after removing seasonal variation, or by examining data collected in the same month over several years (Gauthier, 2001). …”

Section: Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and Estimating Trends of Water Quality Parameters

Mozejko¹

2012

Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment

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Detecting Trends Using Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient

Abstract: Spearman's rank correlation coecient is a useful tool for exploratory data analysis in environmental forensic investigations. In this application it is used to detect monotonic trends in chemical concentration with time or space. # 2001 AEHS

Cited by 128 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling

Evaluating Topographic Effects on Ground Deformation: Insights from Finite Element Modeling

Testing Alternative Models in Sustainability Economics: Baumol versus Georgescu-Roegen

Detecting and Estimating Trends of Water Quality Parameters

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