Detecting turnover among complex communities using null models: A case study with sky-island haemosporidian parasites

Barrow, Lisa N.; Bauernfeind, Selina M.; Cruz, Paxton A; Williamson, Jessie L.; Wiley, Daniele L.; Ford, John E.; Baumann, Matthew J.; Brady, Serina; Chavez, Andrea N.; Gadek, Chauncey R.; Galen, Spencer C.; Johnson, Andrew B.; Mapel, Xena Marie; Marroquín-Flores, Rosario A.; Martinez, Taylor E; McCullough, Jenna M.; McLaughlin, Jade E.; Witt, Christopher C.

doi:10.1101/2020.04.17.046631

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…The Leucocytozoon lineage CNEORN01 shows low host specificity as it has been reported in several bird families (Fecchio et al 2019). The other three previously reported lineages (MIMGIL01, PHEMEL02, ICTLEU01), be- longing to the H. (Parahaemoproteus) subgenera, have been found in birds from the same host families reported herein (MIMGIL01 in Mimidae, PHEMEL02 in Cardinalidae, ICTLEU01 in Icteridae; Table 1) (Outlaw & Ricklefs 2009, Barrow et al 2021. These results corroborate earlier findings of Haemoproteus co-speciation at the host family taxonomic level (Beadell et al 2004…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Frequency of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Birds From Margarita and Coche Islands, Venezuela

Sanz

Mijares²,

Rosales³

et al. 2021

Ornitol. Neotrop.

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By amplifying and sequencing a mitochondrial DNA barcode (cytb), we screened the frequency of haemosporidian parasites (Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon) in 366 birds (23 species) from Margarita and Coche islands, Venezuela. In Coche (N = 24), none of the birds were infected, while in Margarita (N = 342) 13 individuals were (3.8%). The frequency of these parasites in endemic bird subspecies was more than double than in non-endemic forms (endemics = 7.3% vs non-endemic = 3.1%, N = 342), but it was not statistically significant. We found eight parasite lineages, four of which are novel (COLPAS09, COLSQU03, COLSQU04, HYPRUF01). COLSQU03, recorded in a dove (Columbina squammata), falls within the Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) subgenus. This was unexpected because a strong signal of co-speciation has been found between Columbidae and the Haemoproteus (Haemoproteus) subgenus, suggesting a host-switching event.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Frequency of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Birds From Margarita and Coche Islands, Venezuela

Sanz

Mijares²,

Rosales³

et al. 2021

Ornitol. Neotrop.

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“…ZOCAP08 and both Plasmodium lineages, ZONCAP15 and BAEBIC02, infect the rufous-collared sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis , in the study area (Cadena-Ortiz et al ., 2019). Lineage ZOCAP08 infects at least 12 other avian species from North America to Argentina (Jones et al ., 2013; Reinoso-Pérez et al ., 2016; Carbó-Ramírez et al ., 2017; Ham-Dueñas et al ., 2017; Fecchio et al ., 2019; Barrow et al ., 2021; McNew et al ., 2021) but has not been assigned a morphospecies in the MalAvi repository. To date, it has been attributed to H. coatneyi (González et al ., 2015) and Haemoproteus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemosporidian parasites in the ash-breasted Sierra finch (Geospizopsis plebejus): insights from an Andean dry forest population

et al. 2022

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Haemosporidian genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon, responsible for avian malarial infections, are highly diverse and have a wide range of health effects and predictors, depending on the host and its environmental context. Here, we present, for the first time, detailed information on the identity, prevalence and parasitaemia of haemosporidians and other haemoparasites that infect the ash-breasted Sierra finch, Geospizopsis plebejus, in an Andean dry forest. We study the consequences of infection in the host body and health conditions and explore the environmental and intrinsic factors that influence infection status and parasitaemia. We conducted diagnoses by cytochrome b (cytb) sequencing and morphological identification, and estimated the levels of parasitaemia based on microscopy. We identified 6 cytb lineages infecting G. plebejus. Two of them were new lineages: Haemoproteus sp. GEPLE01 and GEPLE02. We also detected Haemoproteus sp. ZOCAP08, Haemoproteus sp. AMAVIR01, Plasmodium homopolare BAEBIC02 and Plasmodium cathemerium ZONCAP15. By microscopy, we detected Haemoproteus coatneyi, Haemoproteus erythrogravidus, P. homopolare and other unidentified species of Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, Babesia sp. and 1 microfilaria. We found no evidence of Leucocytozoon. Additionally, we detected several coinfections by sequencing and microscopy. The prevalence of haemosporidian infections was high (87.7%), and the mean parasitaemia was 61.65 infected cells per 10 000 erythrocytes examined. Prevalence and parasitaemia were higher for Haemoproteus than for Plasmodium. Haemoproteus sp. AMAVIR01 showed the highest prevalence (43.1%) and mean parasitaemia (94.39/10 000 erythrocytes) and might be associated with H. coatneyi. Immature individuals showed a lower prevalence than adults, supporting previous findings.

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“…We treated separate lineages like species as in Scordato and Kardish (2014) to extrapolate hemosporidian alpha diversity (i.e., species richness). Characterizing species richness using hemosporidian abundance data poses a challenge because lineages are often under sampled, with a high incidence of rare lineages (Barrow et al 2020). For this reason, we used the bias corrected version of the Chao1 estimator of species richness because it accounts for nonparametric abundance data (Chao 1984, Chao andChiu 2016).…”

Section: Hemosporidian Community Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar parasite communities but dissimilar infection patterns in two closely related chickadee species

et al. 2023

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Haemosporidian parasite communities are broadly similar in Boulder County, Colorado, between two common songbirds –– the Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) and Mountain Chickadee (Poecile gambeli). However, Mountain Chickadees appear more likely to be infected with Plasmodium, and potentially experience higher infection burdens with Leucocytozoon in contrast to Black-capped Chickadees. We found that elevation change (and associated ecology) drives the distributions of these parasite genera. For Boulder County chickadees, environmental factors play a more important role in structuring haemosporidian communities than host evolutionary differences. However, evolutionary differences are likely key to shaping the probability of infection, infection burden, and whether an infection remains detectable over time. We found that for recaptured birds, their infection status (i.e., presence or absence of detectable parasite infection) tends to remain consistent across capture periods. We sampled 234 chickadees between 2017 and 2021 across a ~1,500-m elevation gradient from low elevation (i.e., the city of Boulder) to comparatively high elevation (i.e., the CU Boulder Mountain Research Station). It is unknown whether long-term haemosporidian abundance trends have changed over time in our sampling region. However, we ask whether potentially disparate patterns of Plasmodium susceptibility and Leucocytozoon infection burden could be playing a role in the negative population trends of Mountain Chickadees.

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Detecting turnover among complex communities using null models: A case study with sky-island haemosporidian parasites

Cited by 4 publications

References 95 publications

Frequency of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Birds From Margarita and Coche Islands, Venezuela

Frequency of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Birds From Margarita and Coche Islands, Venezuela

Haemosporidian parasites in the ash-breasted Sierra finch (Geospizopsis plebejus): insights from an Andean dry forest population

Similar parasite communities but dissimilar infection patterns in two closely related chickadee species

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