Detecting voluntary gait intention of chronic stroke patients towards top-down gait rehabilitation using EEG

Choi, Joong Myung; Kang, Hyolim; Chung, Sang Hun; Kim, Yeonghun; Lee, Ung Hee; Lee, Jong Min; Kim, Seung-Jong; Chun, Min Ho; Kim, Hyung-Min

doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7591009

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This region is involved in upright balance ( 54 ) and postural control ( 55 , 56 ). Other imaging modalities have found increased activation in this area during walking post-stroke [electroencephalography: ( 57 – 59 ); positron emission topography: ( 17 )]. Additionally, work from our group primarily showed differences in the posterior parietal channels with robotic-assisted walking in healthy adults ( 18 ), highlighting the importance of measuring activation in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-dependent Brain Activation of the Frontal and Parietal Regions During Walking After Stroke - An fNIRS Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundRecovery of walking post-stroke is highly variable. Accurately measuring and documenting functional brain activation characteristics during walking can help guide rehabilitation. Previous work in this area has been limited to investigations of frontal brain regions and have not utilized recent technological and analytical advances for more accurate measurements. There were three aims for this study: to characterize the hemodynamic profile during walking post-stroke, to investigate regional changes in brain activation during different phases of walking, and to related brain changes to clinical measures.MethodsFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) along the pre-frontal, premotor, sensorimotor, and posterior parietal cortices was used on twenty individuals greater than six months post-stroke. Individual fNIRS optodes were digitized and used to estimate channel locations on each participant and short separation channels were used to control for extracerebral hemodynamic changes. Participants walked at their comfortable pace several times along a hallway while brain activation was recorded. Exploratory cluster analysis was conducted to determine if there was a link between brain activation and clinical measures.ResultsSustained activation was observed in the pre-frontal cortex with the ipsilesional hemisphere showing greater activation compared to the contralesional side. Sensorimotor cortex was active during the early, acceleration stage of walking only. Posterior parietal cortex showed changes in activation during the later, steady-state stage of walking. Faster gait speeds also related to increased activation in contralesional sensorimotor and posterior parietal cortices. Exploratory analysis clustered participants into two distinct groups based on their brain activation profiles and generally showed that individuals with greater activation tended to have better physical outcomes.ConclusionsThese findings can guide future research for obtaining adequate power and determining factors that can be used as effect modifiers to reduce inter-subject variability. Overall, this is the first study to report specific oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin changes in frontal to parietal regions during walking in the stroke population. Our results shed light on the importance of measuring brain activation across the cortex and show the importance of pre-frontal, sensorimotor, and posterior parietal cortices in walking after a stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-dependent Brain Activation of the Frontal and Parietal Regions During Walking After Stroke - An fNIRS Study

et al. 2022

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“…This region is involved in upright balance (54) and postural control (55,56). Other imaging modalities have found increased activation in this area during walking post-stroke [electroencephalography: (57)(58)(59); positron emission topography: (17)]. Additionally, work from our group primarily showed differences in the posterior parietal channels with robotic-assisted walking in healthy adults (18), highlighting the importance of measuring activation in this area.…”

Section: Posterior Parietal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Brain activity during real-time walking and with walking interventions after stroke: a systematic review

Lim

Louie

Peters

et al. 2021

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Investigations of real-time brain activations during walking have become increasingly important to aid in recovery of walking after a stroke. Individual brain activation patterns can be a valuable biomarker of neuroplasticity during the rehabilitation process and can result in improved personalized medicine for rehabilitation. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the brain activation characteristics during walking post-stroke by determining: (1) if different components of gait (i.e., initiation/acceleration, steady-state, complex) result in different brain activations, (2) whether brain activations differ from healthy individuals. Six databases were searched resulting in 22 studies. Initiation/acceleration showed bilateral activation in frontal areas; steady-state and complex walking showed broad activations with the majority exploring and finding increases in frontal regions and some studies also showing increases in parietal activation. Asymmetrical activations were often related to performance asymmetry and were more common in studies with slower gait speed. Hyperactivations and asymmetrical activations commonly decreased with walking interventions and as walking performance improved. Hyperactivations often persisted in individuals who had experienced severe strokes. Only a third of the studies included comparisons to a healthy group: individuals post-stroke employed greater brain activation compared to young adults, while comparisons to older adults were less clear and limited. Current literature suggests some indicators of walking recovery however future studies investigating more brain regions and comparisons with healthy age-matched adults are needed to further understand the effect of stroke on walking-related brain activation.

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Detecting voluntary gait intention of chronic stroke patients towards top-down gait rehabilitation using EEG

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Phase-dependent Brain Activation of the Frontal and Parietal Regions During Walking After Stroke - An fNIRS Study

Phase-dependent Brain Activation of the Frontal and Parietal Regions During Walking After Stroke - An fNIRS Study

Table_1.DOCX

Brain activity during real-time walking and with walking interventions after stroke: a systematic review

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