Detection and characterization of lipids in eleven species of fish by non-targeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

Gowda, Siddabasave Gowda B.; Minami, Yasunori; Gowda, Divyavani; Chiba, Hitoshi; Hui, Shu‐Ping

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133402

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We conducted mass spectrometry analysis using an LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer (Thermo-Fisher Scientific Inc., San Jose) in both positive and negative ionization modes. The employed parameters align with those of our previously published reports . For the electrospray ionization (ESI), we set the capillary temperature to 330 °C, the nitrogen-sheath gas flow to 50 units, and the nitrogen auxiliary gas to 20 units.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The employed parameters align with those of our previously published reports. 39 For the electrospray ionization (ESI), we set the capillary temperature to 330 °C, the nitrogen-sheath gas flow to 50 units, and the nitrogen auxiliary gas to 20 units. Source and capillary voltages were adjusted to 3 kV and 10 V, respectively, for the negative mode (within scan range: m / z 160–1900) and 4 kV and 25 V, respectively, for the positive mode (within scan range: m / z 150–1950).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-Specific Effect of Ethanol on Colon Content Lipidome in a Mice Model Using Nontargeted LC/MS

Jayaprakash,

B. Gowda,

K. Shukla

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Consumption of alcohol has widespread effects on the human body. The organs that are most significantly impacted are the liver and digestive system. When alcohol is consumed, it is absorbed in the intestines and processed by the liver. However, excessive alcohol use may affect gut epithelial integrity, microbiome composition, and lipid metabolism. Despite past studies investigating the effect of ethanol on hepatic lipid metabolism, the focus on colonic lipid metabolism has not been well explored. In this study, we investigated the sex-specific effect of ethanol on the colonic content lipidome in a mouse model using nontargeted liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry. Comprehensive lipidome analysis of colonic flush samples was performed using ethanolfed (EF) and pair-fed (PF) mice of each sex. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis revealed that ethanol altered colonic lipid composition largely in male mice compared with female mice. A significant increase in free fatty acids, ceramides, and hexosylceramides and decreased phosphatidylglycerols (PG) was observed in the EF group compared to the PF group in male mice. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) levels were increased significantly in the EF group of both sexes compared to the PF group. The volcanic plot shows that PG (O-15:1/15:0) and PE (O-18:2/15:0) are common markers that are increased in both sexes of the EF group. In addition, decreased fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) were observed specifically in the EF group of female mice. Overall, a significant variation in the mice colonic content lipidome between the EF and PF groups was observed. Target pathways, such as sphingolipid metabolism in males, FAHFA in females, and PE metabolism in both sexes, were suggested. This study provides new insight into the sex-dependent lipid change associated with alcohol-induced gut-microbiota dysfunction and its potential health impacts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Effect of Ethanol on Colon Content Lipidome in a Mice Model Using Nontargeted LC/MS

Jayaprakash,

B. Gowda,

K. Shukla

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…In nature, LPs are present within the lipid matrix and are mostly available as lecithin (a complex mixture of phospholipids and glycolipids) in fish, eggs, soyabean, and other organisms [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Various factors, including environmental conditions, sex, age, season, water temperature, pH, and processing conditions, can substantially impact the PL content and its extraction in animals, fish, and other organisms, and, subsequently, the levels of LPC (lysophosphatidylcholine) obtained [ 49 , 53 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Phospholipid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tuna species were reported to have high amounts of sphingomyelin. On the other hand, Gowda, Minami, Gowda, Chiba, and Hui [ 50 ] investigated the lipidome of 11 common fish and reported high levels of glycerolipids in shishamo smelt, Japanese sardine, and red seabream, whereas higher glycerophospholipid contents were found in mottled skate, skipjack tuna, and Okhotsk atka mackerel. High levels of sphingolipid fraction were observed in blackfin flounder and flatfish.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Phospholipid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Fish-Derived Lysophosphatidylcholine: Properties, Extraction, Quantification, and Brain Health Application

et al. 2023

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Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids esterified in lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC-omega-3) are the most bioavailable omega-3 fatty acid form and are considered important for brain health. Lysophosphatidylcholine is a hydrolyzed phospholipid that is generated from the action of either phospholipase PLA1 or PLA2. There are two types of LPC; 1-LPC (where the omega-3 fatty acid at the sn-2 position is acylated) and 2-LPC (where the omega-3 fatty acid at the sn-1 position is acylated). The 2-LPC type is more highly bioavailable to the brain than the 1-LPC type. Given the biological and health aspects of LPC types, it is important to understand the structure, properties, extraction, quantification, functional role, and effect of the processing of LPC. This review examines various aspects involved in the extraction, characterization, and quantification of LPC. Further, the effects of processing methods on LPC and the potential biological roles of LPC in health and wellbeing are discussed. DHA-rich-LysoPLs, including LPC, can be enzymatically produced using lipases and phospholipases from wide microbial strains, and the highest yields were obtained by Lipozyme RM-IM®, Lipozyme TL-IM®, and Novozym 435®. Terrestrial-based phospholipids generally contain lower levels of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, and therefore, they are considered less effective in providing the same health benefits as marine-based LPC. Processing (e.g., thermal, fermentation, and freezing) reduces the PL in fish. LPC containing omega-3 PUFA, mainly DHA (C22:6 omega-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid EPA (C20:5 omega-3) play important role in brain development and neuronal cell growth. Additionally, they have been implicated in supporting treatment programs for depression and Alzheimer’s. These activities appear to be facilitated by the acute function of a major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2 (Mfsd2a), expressed in BBB endothelium, as a chief transporter for LPC-DHA uptake to the brain. LPC-based delivery systems also provide the opportunity to improve the properties of some bioactive compounds during storage and absorption. Overall, LPCs have great potential for improving brain health, but their safety and potentially negative effects should also be taken into consideration.

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“…Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) offers increased throughput and confidence for lipidomics profiling studies. As a rule, high-resolution MS is the first option for lipidomic analysis, including analysers such as quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF), Orbitrap, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Many LC configurations have been described for the chromatographic separation of neutral, semi-polar, and polar lipids from complex mixtures such as reversed phase (RP), normal phase (NP), and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted UHPLC-TOF/MS Lipidomic Analysis for the Investigation of Egg Yolks after Xylanase Supplementation of the Diet of Laying Hens

et al. 2023

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Xylanase supplementation of diets is used to enhance nutrient digestibility in monogastrics which lack necessary enzymes for non-starch polysaccharide degradation. The effects of enzymatic treatment in the nutritional value of the feed are typically not comprehensively studied. Though the fundamental effects of xylanase on performance are well studied, limited data is available on the complex interactions between xylanase supplementation and hen physiology; therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a new, simple UPLC-TOF/MS lipidomics method for the analysis of hen egg yolks after supplementation with different amounts of xylanase. Sample preparation for the extraction of lipids was optimized and different sample preparation modes and solvent mixtures were tested. Optimal results for the extraction of total lipids were obtained by using the solvent mixture MTBE: MeOH (5:1, v/v). Multivariate statistical analysis of the signals of hundreds of lipids in positive and negative ionisation modes highlighted differences in several egg yolk lipid species-classes. Four lipid species-classes, phosphatidylcholines (PC and PC O), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE and PE O), phosphatidylinositols (PI), and fatty acids (FA), were among those contributing to the separation of the experimental groups (control-treated) in negative ionisation mode. In positive ionisation mode, principal beneficial lipid compounds such as phosphatidylcholines (PC and PC O), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE and PE O), triacylglycerols (TG), diacylglycerols (DG), and ceramides (Cer) were found to be increased in treated groups. Overall, supplementation of laying hens’ diets with xylanase significantly changed the lipid profile of egg yolks compared to the control diet. The association between the lipid profiles of egg yolks and hens’ diets, as well as the underlying mechanisms, require further investigation. These findings are of practical significance for the food industry.

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Detection and characterization of lipids in eleven species of fish by non-targeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Sex-Specific Effect of Ethanol on Colon Content Lipidome in a Mice Model Using Nontargeted LC/MS

Sex-Specific Effect of Ethanol on Colon Content Lipidome in a Mice Model Using Nontargeted LC/MS

Marine Fish-Derived Lysophosphatidylcholine: Properties, Extraction, Quantification, and Brain Health Application

Untargeted UHPLC-TOF/MS Lipidomic Analysis for the Investigation of Egg Yolks after Xylanase Supplementation of the Diet of Laying Hens

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