Detection and Colonization of Multidrug Resistant Organisms in a Regional Teaching Hospital of Taiwan

Abstract

This study evaluated the prevalence of clinical multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and analyzed correlations between MDROs and patient characteristics in a regional teaching hospital of Taiwan. A retrospective comparative case-control study was conducted from January 2016 to August 2018 by collecting data from 486 hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients (M = 286, F = 200), including patient gender and age, microbial species, and antibiotic susceptibility. The results indicated that at least one MDRO was isolated from 5.3–6.3% of patients (p < 0.05), with an average age of 61.08 years. Of the MDROs strains, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii increased annually (p < 0.002 and p < 0.012, respectively). Three factors of age (over 60 years), treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU), and specimen category were statistically significant (p < 0.039, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and indicated that elderly patients in an ICU have a higher risk of being infected by MDROs. The outpatients infected by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were more frequent than inpatients, implying the existence of community-acquired MRSA strains. The results of this study could provide valuable information for the detection and colonization of multidrug-resistant organisms in hospital infection control systems.

Early diagnosis of craniofacial necrotising fasciitis: Analysis of clinical risk factors

“…With the recent increase in nosocomial infections, the incidence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria such as vancomycin‐resistant enterococci (VRE), carbapenem‐resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE), methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) also increased, and the risk of serious infection increased accordingly. 4 Early diagnosis of NF is particularly difficult because of vague symptoms in the early stages, followed by rapid progression to severe systemic infection. 5 NF rarely affects the head and neck area.…”

“…It is called NF because of the commonality of necrosis of the fascia and soft tissue following infection, and recently, it has been designated as necrotising soft‐tissue infection regardless of the location or depth of the invasion. With the recent increase in nosocomial infections, the incidence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria such as vancomycin‐resistant enterococci (VRE), carbapenem‐resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE), methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) also increased, and the risk of serious infection increased accordingly 4 . Early diagnosis of NF is particularly difficult because of vague symptoms in the early stages, followed by rapid progression to severe systemic infection 5 .…”

Evolution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Clinical Bacteremia Patients

“… 8 Colonization on human mucosal surfaces and medical devices can lead to the formation of biofilms, increasing the risk of developing A. baumannii respiratory infections. 9 , 10 The progression of bacteria from colonization to infection is the result of within-host evolution. 11 A surveillance study found that MDR A. baumannii may be carried for long durations, up to 42 months.…”

Long-Term Surveillance of Antibiotic Prescriptions and the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli

“…Proper selection and use of antimicrobial agents remain a critical issue in such cases, since antimicrobial resistance has not only become a substantial threat to patients, but also presents a therapeutic challenge, leaving clinicians with barely any options to apply when faced with such a condition [15][16][17]. Hence, there is an urgent need to acquire long-term surveillance data presenting the connection between antibiotic consumption and bacterial resistance.…”