Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay

Abstract

Amoebiasis is an important parasitic disease in human. The two species Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar are morphologically identical but E. dispar is none pathogenic and is not associated with symptomatic amoebiasis. In this study, from July to December 2013, 397 (212 male, 185 female) stool samples from in and out patients in Kirkuk Azady Teaching Hospital were examined microscopically. 97 samples of them were positive for Entamoeba histolytica / dispar. Blood samples were collected from E. histolytica / dispar positive patients, and the sera were examined by ELISA for differentiating the two species and evaluating the IgG levels in their serum. The overall rate of E. histolytica / dispar detected microscopically was 24.4%, while when the positive samples examined by ELISA technique 89.7% of them were E. histolytica and 10.3% were considered to be E. disbar. The serum samples of 27.58% of the patients whom had E. histolytica were positive for IgG antibody. The most age group which was infected with E. histolytica / dispar in both sexes were 41-50 years with rates of 39.13, 34.6 % for each of males and females respectively. A significantly high frequency (62.9, 94.8 %) of E. histolytica / dispar positive samples were contained RBC and pus cells respectively for each cell type, and the highest rate (28.8, 39.1%) were for those samples contained three pluses respectively for each of RBC and pus cells. The conclusion is that there is a big necessity of a serology confirmatory test after microscopic detection of E. histolytica to avoid un necessary treatment.

Multi-Laboratory Evaluation of a Lateral Flow Rapid Test for Detection of Amebic Liver Abscess

“…It should also be noted that IgG ELISAs detect not only antibodies to ALA (and other extraintestinal amebic diseases) but also about 75% intestinal infections and about 10% asymptomatic infections. 34 Obaid 35 reported that Novagnost IgG ELISA (Siemens Novagnost) showed 27.6% (24/87) positivity among patients who suffered abdominal pain and diarrhea (n = 97) and were confirmed of being infected with E. histolytica using a stool antigen detection test, TechLab E. histolytica II Test (TechLab, Blackburg, VA). Another study, using DRG E. histolytica serum IgG ELISA (DRG International Inc.), detected serum IgG antibody against E. histolytica in 36.2% (n = 34/94) patients who complained of diarrhea and/or abdominal discomfort.…”

Estimate of Some Immune-Biomarkers in Children with Entamoeba Histolytica Infection

“…The TLR2 levels of infected children (24.05±3.94 ng/L) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (11.72±2.55 ng/L), as shown in the table (6). A growing body of evidence suggests that distinct TLR agonists might influence the immune system's reaction to other TLR ligands, leading to modified inflammatory reactions [35][36].…”

“…E. histolytica infection is the third parasite in the world that causes death, after schistosomiasis and malaria [4]. One intestinal main that causes amoebic dysentery in people is E. histolytica, which poses a threat to public health in tropical areas [5][6][7]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that it causes between 100,000 and 40,000 fatalities per year [8][9].…”

Different Detection and Treatment Methods for <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> and <i>Entamoeba dispar</i> in Water/Wastewater: A Review

“…ELISA is another technique to identify the presence of the Entamoeba species in environmental water samples or from stool or blood samples. For Entamoeba species, ELISA is generally conducted to detect serum IgG antibody against the microorganisms [70] as it is demonstrated to have improved sensitivity [71] Same as the genus specific reaction but at a higher annealing temperature of 62˚C.…”