Detection and Genetic Characterization of Lymphocystis Disease Virus (LCDV) Isolated during Disease Outbreaks in Cultured Gilt-head Sea Bream Sparus aurata in Tunisia

Haddad-Boubaker, Sondès; Bouzgarou, Nadia; Fakhfakh, Emna; Khayech, Monia; Mohamed, Souhail Ben; Megdich, Aida; Chehida, Noureddine Ben

doi:10.3147/jsfp.48.101

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Iridoviruses possess a 20-sided icosahedron with a DNA core, and the particle is relatively large, measuring from 120-300 nm in diameter. The Lymphocystis virus causes a self-limiting disease in young fish [45,46]. An outbreak of Lymphocystis disease was described in 2008, affecting cultured gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in Eilat land-based nursery tanks (Red Sea) [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An outbreak of Lymphocystis disease was described in 2008, affecting cultured gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in Eilat land-based nursery tanks (Red Sea) [45]. Later, in 2013, Lymphocystis disease was reported in reared gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) along the Tunisian coast [46]. Further studies investigating NNV in wild Lessepsian and indigenous species from both seas are necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indigenous versus Lessepsian Hosts: Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Fish

Lampert

Berzak

Davidovich

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Viruses are among the most abundant and diverse biological components in the marine environment. In finfish, viruses are key drivers of host diversity and population dynamics, and therefore, their effect on the marine environment is far-reaching. Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) is a disease caused by the marine nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which is recognized as one of the main infectious threats for marine aquaculture worldwide. For over 140 years, the Suez Canal has acted as a conduit for the invasion of Red Sea marine species into the Mediterranean Sea. In 2016–2017, we evaluated the prevalence of NNV in two indigenous Mediterranean species, the round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) and the white steenbras (Lithognathus mormyrus) versus two Lessepsian species, the Randall’s threadfin bream (Nemipterus randalli) and the Lessepsian lizardfish (Saurida lessepsianus). A molecular method was used to detect NNV in all four fish species tested. In N. randalli, a relatively newly established invasive species in the Mediterranean Sea, the prevalence was significantly higher than in both indigenous species. In S. lessepsianus, prevalence varied considerably between years. While the factors that influence the effective establishment of invasive species are poorly understood, we suggest that the susceptibility of a given invasive fish species to locally acquired viral pathogens such as NVV may be important, in terms of both its successful establishment in its newly adopted environment and its role as a reservoir ‘host’ in the new area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous versus Lessepsian Hosts: Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Fish

Lampert

Berzak

Davidovich

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…This species is infected by genotype VII, which is frequently observed in other Mediterranean species such as Senegalese sole [13,14]. LCDV outbreaks are recurrently observed every year and, occasionally, associated with high mortalities [3,15]. Currently, most ongoing genetic programs for this species are mostly focused on the improvement of growth, morphology and carcass quality [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlation for Growth Traits and LCDV Susceptibility in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Carballo

Shin

Berbel

et al. 2019

Fishes

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The lymphocystis disease (LCD) is a viral infection with a high economic impact in gilthead sea bream aquaculture. In this study, genetic estimates associated with lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) disease susceptibility and growth were determined in sea bream juveniles. Two fish batches (named batch 1 and batch 2) were built from mass spawning and reared under industrial conditions until disease outbreak. At the moment of the sampling (n = 500 specimens for each batch), all animals had the typical LCDV lesions in the skin. For phenotyping, animals were weighted and photographed for image analysis (surface covered and lesion intensity). LCDV DNA copies were quantified in the liver by qPCR. Batch 1 had a higher surface covered and lesion intensity than batch 2, and the body caudal region was the lowest affected region in both batches. The average LCDV DNA copies in liver were higher in the batch 1 than batch 2, and they were positively correlated with severity index (SI) categories (r2 = 0.90–0.94). The total number of families evaluated were 150 and 128 for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively, with a high bias in offspring contribution by family and broodstock. Heritabilities for weight and length were 0.18 and 0.14 in batch 1 and 0.06 and 0.05 in batch 2, respectively. Heritability for the number of viral DNA copies was low (<0.08) in both batches. Heritabilities for SI in binary scale were 0.32/0.33 and 0.21/0.24 (underlying liability/Bayesian approach) for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively. Genetic correlations were very high and positive when growth traits (weight and length) or disease traits (LCDV DNA copies and SI) were compared. In contrast, the genetic correlations between growth and disease traits were moderate–high and positive in the batch 1 but negative in batch 2. These results indicate the genetic selection for LCDV susceptibility and growth is feasible in sea bream juveniles, although estimates are highly dependent on the age. The information provided is relevant to designing selective breeding programs in sea bream.

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“…Mortalities are typically limited to those individuals whose swimming, breathing or feeding is severely impaired by particularly large and cumbersome growths of infected cells (Colorni & Padros 2011). In fish farms, LCD outbreaks may favour secondary bacterial infections, cannibalism and/or parasitic infestations, factors that may increase mortality rates (Williams et al 2005;Colorni & Padros 2011;Dezfuli et al 2012;Haddad-Boubaker et al 2013).…”

Section: Disease Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocystis disease virus: its importance in aquaculture

Borrego

Valverde

Labella

et al. 2015

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) is the causative agent of a well-known fish viral disease that is characterized by hypertrophy of fibroblastic cells in the connective tissue. This viral disease affects more than 125 wild and cultured species of teleost fish from marine and freshwater environments and has a cosmopolitan geographical distribution. In aquaculture systems, the prevalence of LCDV infection is very high, likely reflecting the horizontal transmission of this virus. The incidence rate of the disease may reach 70%, causing significant economic losses for the aquaculture industry. This review provides information on the taxonomy, viral properties, epizootiology and pathogenesis, diagnostic methods and control measures of LCDV infection in fish.

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Detection and Genetic Characterization of Lymphocystis Disease Virus (LCDV) Isolated during Disease Outbreaks in Cultured Gilt-head Sea Bream Sparus aurata in Tunisia

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Indigenous versus Lessepsian Hosts: Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Fish

Indigenous versus Lessepsian Hosts: Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Fish

Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlation for Growth Traits and LCDV Susceptibility in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Lymphocystis disease virus: its importance in aquaculture

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