Detection and Genomic Characterization of Aichi Viruses in Stool Samples from Children in Monastir, Tunisia

Sdiri-Loulizi, Khira; Hassine, M.; Gharbi-Khélifi, Hakima; Sakly, Nabil; Chouchane, S.; Guédiche, M.N.; Pothier, Pierre; Aouni, Mahjoub; Ambert-Balay, Katia

doi:10.1128/jcm.00913-09

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In Tunisia, we previously reported the epidemiology and genomic characterization of AiV strains circulating in the pediatric Tunisian population over more than 4 years (12). In this previous prospective survey, contrary to the data in the literature, we showed that AiV was the third most frequently detected agent, after rotavirus and norovirus, in children with sporadic gastroenteritis symptoms.…”

contrasting

confidence: 51%

“…In our previous clinical and virological study (12), AiV genomic detection was higher than usually documented: it was found in 32 (4.1% of diarrheic stools) cases, with a high proportion of monoinfection (25; 78.1% of AiV infections) and a high frequency of hospitalizations among the monoinfections (18 versus 7 outpatients; P ϭ 0.04). The 18 children hospitalized presented with gastroenteritis symptoms, especially diarrhea, fever, and vomiting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our serological data were combined with those of a clinical survey previously documented in Tunisia between January 2003 and April 2007 involving children suffering from gastroenteritis symptoms (12). In this clinical study, stool samples were all negative for bacterial pathogens and parasites (11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, for Tunisian children monoinfected by Aichi virus (12), there was no history of any travel abroad or eating of seafood before the onset of their illness. In addition, in Tunisia, seafood is not commonly consumed but is generally intended for export.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aichi Virus IgG Seroprevalence in Tunisia Parallels Genomic Detection and Clinical Presentation in Children with Gastroenteritis

Sdiri-Loulizi

Hassine

Bour

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Aichi virus has been described as a novel causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans. In this study, we report the seroprevalence distribution of Aichi virus in Tunisia. A panel of 1,000 sera was screened by applying an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin G specific for Aichi virus. A considerable prevalence (92%) of antibody to Aichi virus was found across all age groups. The specific anti-Aichi virus antibodies increased with age, from a high rate (68.8%) in children under 10 years old to about 100% in persons more than 60 years old. We found a statistically significant increase in levels of antibody to Aichi virus according to the age of patients. Immunoglobulin M antibodies were detected among five children. A high frequency of Aichi virus monoinfections in hospitalized children with severe gastroenteritis was previously observed in Tunisia. Aichi virus causes diarrhea with dehydration, fever, and vomiting. This work is the first to establish a correlation between the high seroprevalence of specific Aichi virus antibodies, clinical presentation, and a high frequency of isolation of Aichi virus by genomic characterization in stools of children suffering from gastroenteritis. Our data show the importance and emerging character of Aichi virus in the viral etiology of pediatric gastroenteritis.

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confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aichi Virus IgG Seroprevalence in Tunisia Parallels Genomic Detection and Clinical Presentation in Children with Gastroenteritis

Sdiri-Loulizi

Hassine

Bour

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…The virus was later isolated from patients with gastroenteritis, comprising Pakistani children and Japanese travelers from Southeast Asia (18), and among patients from Japan, Bangladesh, Thailand, and Vietnam (8). In 2006, the virus was isolated for the first time in the Americas (Brazil) and Europe (Germany) (7), and since then, Aichi virus has been detected in France (6), Tunisia (12,13), Hungary (10), and Finland (5).…”

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Seroprevalence of Aichi Virus in a Spanish Population from 2007 to 2008

Ribes

Montava

Tellez-Castillo

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Viruses are among the most common causes of acute gastroenteritis. In recent years, new viruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis have been described. Among these, Aichi virus was identified in Japan in 1989. Aichi virus belongs to the Kobuvirus genus in the family Picornaviridae. This virus has been detected in outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with oyster consumption and in pediatric stool samples, but little is known about its epidemiology or pathogenesis. In the present study, the prevalence of antibodies to Aichi virus in a Spanish population was determined between 2007 and 2008 by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). As in previous studies, a high seroprevalence of antibodies to Aichi virus (70%) was observed, with levels differing according to age. We observed significant differences in titers of antibody to Aichi virus among different age groups, grouped by decades. We report high ELISA and neutralizing antibody titers, and both titers fitted a sigmoid curve significantly. However, this virus is seldom detected; therefore, further studies are needed to gain a better understanding of its importance as a pathogenic agent.Viruses are a common cause of gastroenteritis and affect humans of all ages. Rotavirus (mainly group A), calicivirus (including norovirus and sapovirus), adenovirus, and astrovirus are considered the major causes of viral gastroenteritis. However, in many cases of gastroenteritis, no specific pathogen can be identified, and other viruses, such as Aichi virus, may be involved. This virus was proposed as a probable cause of nonbacterial gastroenteritis associated with oyster consumption in Aichi, Japan, in 1989 (16). Aichi virus belongs to the genus Kobuvirus, in the family Picornaviridae (9, 19). The major differences between the genus Kobuvirus and other genera of the same family are found in the coding region of the L protein, in the absence of a VP0 cleavage site, and in the distinct morphology of the 2A protein (14).The Aichi virus genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA molecule of 8,260 nucleotides and has a poly(A) tail. The single large open reading frame encodes a polyprotein of 2,432 amino acids. This polyprotein, like those of the other members of the family, is cleaved into the structural proteins VP0, VP3, and VP1 and the nonstructural proteins 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D (11,19). Aichi virus has been classified into two genotypes (A and B) by phylogenetic analysis of a 519-bp sequence at the 3C-3D (3CD) junction (20) Little is known about the incidence of Aichi virus infection in humans. Aichi virus antigen or viral RNA was first detected in fecal samples collected in Japan (17). The virus was later isolated from patients with gastroenteritis, comprising Pakistani children and Japanese travelers from Southeast Asia (18), and among patients from Japan, Bangladesh, Thailand, and Vietnam (8). In 2006, the virus was isolated for the first time in the Americas (Brazil) and Europe (Germany) (7), and since then, Aichi virus has been detected i...

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Molecular detection and characterization of aichivirus A in adult patients with diarrhea in Thailand

Saikruang

Khamrin

Suantai

et al. 2014

Journal of Medical Virology

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Viral gastroenteritis is a common public health problem that causes morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, new viruses causing gastroenteritis have been identified. Among these, Aichivirus has also been proposed as a causative agent of gastroenteritis in human. Most studies have been conducted in infants and children, the information in adults is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and molecular characterization of Aichivirus in adult patients with diarrhea. A total of 332 fecal specimens collected from January to December 2008 were screened for the presence of Aichivirus by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) method. Out of 332 fecal specimens tested, Aichivirus was detected with the prevalence of 0.9% (3/332). The data indicate that the prevalence of Aichivirus in adults was as low as those reported in children in Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 sequence revealed that one Aichivirus belonged to genotype A, while other two Aichiviruses were genotype B. In conclusion, this study provided the molecular epidemiological data of Aichivirus circulating in adult patients with diarrhea at low prevalence and the viruses were genetically variable as both genotypes A and B were found in this population.

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Detection and Genomic Characterization of Aichi Viruses in Stool Samples from Children in Monastir, Tunisia

Cited by 47 publications

References 15 publications

Aichi Virus IgG Seroprevalence in Tunisia Parallels Genomic Detection and Clinical Presentation in Children with Gastroenteritis

Aichi Virus IgG Seroprevalence in Tunisia Parallels Genomic Detection and Clinical Presentation in Children with Gastroenteritis

Seroprevalence of Aichi Virus in a Spanish Population from 2007 to 2008

Molecular detection and characterization of aichivirus A in adult patients with diarrhea in Thailand

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