Detection and Localization of Myocardial Infarction with99mTc-Tetracycline

Holman, B. Leonard; Dewanjee, Mrinal K.; Idoine, John; Fliegel, C. P.; Davis, Michael A.; Treves, S. Ted; Eldh, Per

doi:10.1097/00004424-197307000-00071

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Various in vivo studies have also described the cardioprotective effects of minocycline, as antibiotic pre-and post-treatment of rats subjected to I/R resulted in a significant reduction in infarct size, an effect that was accompanied by a reduction in MMP-9 activity and oxidative stress (Romero-Perez et al, 2008). These assays confirmed previous results that the accumulation of tetracyclines in infarcted myocardium was directly related to the degree of tissue damage (Holman et al, 1973;Holman and Zweiman, 1975). In fact, the levels of minocycline that accumulated in the myocardium were several fold higher than those in the plasma, with increased accumulation in ischaemic compared with normal myocardium.…”

Section: Effects Of Minocycline On Ischaemiasupporting

confidence: 77%

Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic

Garrido-Mesa

Zarzuelo

Gálvez

2013

British J Pharmacology

780

597

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Minocycline is a second‐generation, semi‐synthetic tetracycline that has been in therapeutic use for over 30 years because of its antibiotic properties against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. It is mainly used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and some sexually transmitted diseases. Recently, it has been reported that tetracyclines can exert a variety of biological actions that are independent of their anti‐microbial activity, including anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic activities, and inhibition of proteolysis, angiogenesis and tumour metastasis. These findings specifically concern to minocycline as it has recently been found to have multiple non‐antibiotic biological effects that are beneficial in experimental models of various diseases with an inflammatory basis, including dermatitis, periodontitis, atherosclerosis and autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Of note, minocycline has also emerged as the most effective tetracycline derivative at providing neuroprotection. This effect has been confirmed in experimental models of ischaemia, traumatic brain injury and neuropathic pain, and of several neurodegenerative conditions including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Moreover, other pre‐clinical studies have shown its ability to inhibit malignant cell growth and activation and replication of human immunodeficiency virus, and to prevent bone resorption. Considering the above‐mentioned findings, this review will cover the most important topics in the pharmacology of minocycline to date, supporting its evaluation as a new therapeutic approach for many of the diseases described herein.

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Section: Effects Of Minocycline On Ischaemiasupporting

confidence: 77%

Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic

Garrido-Mesa

Zarzuelo

Gálvez

2013

British J Pharmacology

780

597

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“…Several recent papers have reviewed the subject of radionuclide imag ing of the heart [17,23,29], Various radiopharmaceutical agents have been employed in attempts to detect ischemic and infarcted myocardium [6,8,9,II,16,[18][19][20][21]24,28,32,33], D'Agostino and Chiga [12] and Shen and J ennings [26] observed that calcium accumulated at intra cellular sites of irreversible cell injury following AMI. This observa tion suggested to Bonte et al [2] that bone scanning agents would be suitable for detecting AMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technetium-99m Stannous Pyrophosphate Myocardial Scintiphotos in Patients Admitted to Rule Out Acute Myocardial Infarction

Okada¹,

Woolfenden²,

Raessler³

et al. 1977

Cardiology

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Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate (Tc-PYP) cardiac scintiphotos were performed on 101 of 221 patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit to rule out acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Criteria were defined for the diagnosis of AMI, variant angina and unstable angina. 42 patients were diagnosed as having had an AMI. 22 patients had transmural and 20 patients had nontransmural AMI. 40 of the 42 patients with AMI (95%) had positive scintiphotos; 2 (5%) had negative scintiphotos. 59 patients did not have an AMI; (97%) had negative scintiphotos. Four of these 59 patients had variant angina; all had negative scintiphotos. Seven of these 59 patients had unstable angina; 2 had positive scintiphotos. Tc-PYP scintiphotos have high sensitivity and specificity and are accurate in correctly classifying patients as having or not having AMI.

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“…For the ischemia studies, a double lumen balloon-tip catheter was positioned in the proximal 1 43K and imaged quickly at 140 KeV. In the later 14 in vivo studies a 2-inch lead shield was placed around the collimator aperture to reduce lateral collimator penetration of high energy radiation from extracardiac sites.…”

Section: Production Of Ischemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of potassium-43 scintillation images during early myocardial ischemia in an animal model.

Haider¹,

Oldewurtel²,

Moschos³

et al. 1976

Circulation

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SUMMARY To assess the validity of myocardial imaging with potassium-43 (43K) early after the onset of ischemia, the left anterior descending artery was occluded with a balloon tip catheter in 32 intact anesthetized dogs. 'mTechnetium ventriculograms localized the left ventricle. 43K was administered intravenously and serial images were obtained in four views using an Anger camera with a pinhole collimator. The heart was arrested after 60 minutes and removed for imaging and tissue counts to ascertain extracardiac and geometric factors. In normals (group 1) left ventricular images were relatively homogeneous, except for the thin walled apex, both in vivo and in the isolated heart. Equilibration with 43K prior to ischemia (group 2) gave similar images to group 1, associated with a small reduction in tissue counts after one hour of ischemia. Group 3 was infused with 43K after initiation of ischemia. Despite a reduction of 43K OALTHOUGH TECHNETIUM LABELED COM-POUNDS may provide valid scintillation images of infarcted myocardium in vivo' 2 positive images are not usually detected until 12 or more hours after the onset of infarction. Radionuclides of the potassium series have been suggested for earlier detection of ischemia3 I or infarction.5-7 Uptake of these isotopes by the normal areas of myocardium should provide substantial contrast with regional areas that are acutely underperfused or scarred, which are seen as cold areas. However, several sources of error by this technique may obscure the cold image. These include the radioactivity of intracardiac blood, thoracic musculature, lung, liver and the normally perfused myocardium contiguous to or superimposed on the collimated field of view.This study was designed to evaluate the use of 43K tor myocardial imaging during early ischemia in an animal model. For validation of the in vivo images obtained in multiple views, these pictures were compared with those obtained with the heart isolated, the myocardium en face and direct counts of tissue samples. MethodsHealthy mongrel dogs weighing from 20-28 kg were anesthetized with morphine sulfate 3 mg/kg and pheno- counts in the ischemic area to less than one-fourth of the nonischemic site (P < 0.001), demonstration of a "cold area" in vivo was inconstant, occurring in only 34% of studies. Lead shielding did not improve accuracy. In the isolated heart the ability to detect the cold area was improved to 73%. However, when the left ventricle was incised and spread flat, so that low and high activity areas were contiguous rather than superimposed, a widespread area of ischemia was present without exception in the anterior wall. Use of a rectilinear scanner in seven animals failed to improve diagnostic yield; areas of reduced radioactivity were seen at the apex in normals by both techniques. Thus, while detection of low flow areas in the isolated heart is feasible by isotopic imaging early after the onset of ischemia, both extracardiac and geometric factors can contribute to qualitative and quantitative errors in vivo.barbital 12...

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Detection and Localization of Myocardial Infarction with99mTc-Tetracycline

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic

Minocycline: far beyond an antibiotic

Technetium-99m Stannous Pyrophosphate Myocardial Scintiphotos in Patients Admitted to Rule Out Acute Myocardial Infarction

Evaluation of potassium-43 scintillation images during early myocardial ischemia in an animal model.

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