Detection and molecular characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 from piglets with Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases in Colombia

Abstract

BackgroundThe porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) has been known since 1991 in Canada, but the first outbreak of PCVAD in Colombia was reported in 2007. In order to understand the molecular epidemiology of the disease and to establish the origin of the virus in the country, the study presented here intended to evaluate the presence of PCV2-associated systemic infection in piglets from different geographical regions over a period of 9-years (2002 -2010). The analysis included samples collected before, during and after outbreaks of PCVAD in pigs from Colombia. The PCV2 ORF2 from the positive samples was sequenced and used to determine the genotypes of the strains and to study the dynamic of these genotypes throughout the time.ResultsPCV2 DNA was detected in cases related to PCV2-associated systemic infection as well as in healthy pigs with a presumable persistent infection. The analysis of the ORF2 nucleotide full length sequence of twenty-three strains allowed to divide them into two groups: PCV2a and PCV2b. At the amino acid level the main variations in the sequence of the capsid protein were found in regions located within the immunoreactive areas.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrated for the first time, that the two subgroups: PCV2a and PCV2b have been circulating in swine from Colombia. In addition, the study showed that genotype PCV2b is present in Colombian pigs suffering from both clinical and presumable persistent infection and that the PCV2b genotype was present in the Colombian pig population even before recognition of the disease in the country and it became predominant through time.

Genetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 from pigs affected with PMWS in Chile reveals intergenotypic recombination

“…In South America, PMWS and PCVAD have been reported; phylogenetic studies have only been conducted in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Colombia [ 10 , 13 , 14 ]. The objective of this study is to evaluate the genetic diversity of PCV2 using sequences in pig affected by PMWS obtained from intensive swine farms in Chile.…”

Seroprevalence of economically important viral pathogens in swine populations of Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies

“…If pigs are left unvaccinated for PCV-2, producers could see up to a US$20 loss per pig (Thacker 2013). High seroprevalences (82.4%) of pigs for PCV-2 antibodies have been reported in Canada (Liu et al 2002), the USA (80%) (Nawagitgul et al 2002), Taiwan (83.5%) (Wang et al 2004), Northern Ireland (>55%) (Walker et al 2000), and Columbia (83.6%) (Monroy et al 2014). In the present study, the overall seroprevalence for PCV-2 antibodies in T&T pigs was found to be 66%.…”

Longitudinal comparison of the humoral immune response and viral load of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in pigs with different vaccination schemes under field conditions

“…Briefly, DNA extractions were first performed from all serum samples collected using QIAamp DNA kit (QIAGEN®). Then PCV2 rep coding region of PCV2 was amplified using PCV2-ABF 5´GCCAGAATTCAACCTTMACYTTYC 3´ and PCV2-ABR 5´GCGGTGGACATGMTGAGATT 3´ primers, as previously described ( Rincón Monroy et al , 2014). PCR reactions were carried out in 20µl containing 5μl of DNA mixed with 15μl of real-time PCR master mix (Light Cycler® 480 SYBR Green I Master-Roche mix + 1μM of each primer) at 95°C for 1 minute followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 1 minute, 61°C for 25 seconds and 72°C for 5 seconds.…”

“…Moreover, the distant PCV2 genotype (PCV2e) is found in China ( Wang et al , 2009) and the USA ( Davies et al , 2016). In Colombia, PCV2 infections have been described since 2002 and have been recently characterized ( Rincón Monroy et al , 2014). …”