Detection and prevalence of depression among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending non-communicable diseases clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi

Udedi, Michael; Pence, Brian W.; Stewart, Robert C.; Muula, Adamson S

doi:10.1186/s13033-020-00413-3

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, the prevalence of depression in this study was relatively lower than the prevalence rates of depression among patients with T2DM in Ethiopia (44.7%) [ 31 ] and in Rwanda (83.8%) [ 21 ]. However, the prevalence in our study was considerably higher than the prevalence rates of depression among patients with T2DM in Ghana (31.3%) [ 19 ] and Malawi (18%) [ 32 ]. The different prevalence rates obtained in these studies may be explained by the different methods used, including differences in the sample size, screening tools used for depression, different cut-off scores employed and sociodemographic statuses among the participants.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Our study showed no significant association between gender and depression among patients with T2DM. A similar lack of association was observed among patients with T2DM in northern [ 23 ] and central Sudan [ 22 ], as well as in Malawi [ 32 ]. In contrast, gender was reported as a significant risk for depression among patients with T2DM in South Africa [ 40 ], Guinea [ 39 ], Ghana [ 19 ] and Rwanda [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eastern Sudan

et al. 2021

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a global health threat and burden. It is associated with medical and psychological complications, especially depression. Depression among patients with DM may affect the general prognosis. Hence, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Gadarif, eastern Sudan to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study. Data on anthropometric parameters, demographic characteristics and blood glucose levels were collected via questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results Three hundred and fifty patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study and 205 (58.6%) were women. The median (interquartile range) age and duration of diabetes were 56.0 (14.0) years and 8 (8) years, respectively. The prevalence of depression in patients with T2DM was 35.6%. Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between depression and rural residence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–3.72), non-employee (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.34–4.00), co-morbidity (AOR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.43–3.86) and obesity AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.48–4.18). Conclusion The prevalence of depression is high among Sudanese patients with T2DM. Rural residence, unemployment, co-morbidity and obesity are significant risk factors for developing depression among patients with T2DM.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eastern Sudan

et al. 2021

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“…We also observed that prevalence of depression in this study was lower than previous national estimate which was between 19% and 30% among adult primary healthcare attendees in Malawi [ 22 , 23 ]. This could be due to underdiagnosis due to inadequate diagnostic knowledge among health workers as a result of poorly integrated mental health care in cancer clinics Malawi [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Burden of chronic disease comorbidities among cancer patients at Queen Elizabeth and Kamuzu Central Hospitals in Malawi: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Banda¹,

Muula²

2021

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction chronic disease comorbidities are common among cancer patients in most parts of the world, however; there are limited data on the same for Malawi. Comorbidities worsen clinical outcomes and are associated with lower quality of life among cancer patients. We aimed at estimating chronic disease comorbidities and associated factors among cancer patients attending oncology services at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QECH) and Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Blantyre and Lilongwe respectively. Methods we conducted a cross-sectional study at QECH and KCH in Malawi from January to March 2021. Participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique at the oncology clinics and were interviewed using structured questionnaires. The College of Medicine Research and Ethics Committee (COMREC) approved the study and informed consent was obtained with each participant. Data were analyzed in Stata version 14 and summary statistics were presented as frequencies and proportions. Results we interviewed 398 cancer patients and the mean age was 45.4years (SD± 12.77). The common cancers were cervical (30%), Kaposi´s sarcoma (24%), breast (11%), esophageal (4%) and leukemia (4%). The prevalence of chronic disease comorbidities was 61.56% (n=398) and common conditions included: HIV and AIDS (43%), depression (9%) hypertension (8%) and anemia (9%). Chronic disease comorbidities were significantly associated with formal employment (p<0.01) and obesity (p<0.02). Conclusion chronic disease comorbidities were prevalent among cancer patients in the study settings in Malawi. There is a need to develop a multidisciplinary approach when managing cancer patients with emphasis on active screening for the common conditions as reported by this study.

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“…On the other hand, it might be that depression was underdiagnosed in our primary care population. A Spanish multicentre primary care study observed that 12 % of T2D patients had undiagnosed depression [ 37 ], and other studies from different clinics (not only primary care) have yielded similar percentages (17 and 18 %) [ 38 , 39 ]. Due to the increased mortality and cardiac event risks related to comorbid depression [ 40 ], and on the other hand, the favourable treatment outcomes of depression from glycaemic control [ 41 ], screening and treating depression among patients with T2D should definitely be a crucial part of T2D treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimorbidity and achievement of treatment goals among patients with type 2 diabetes: a primary care, real-world study

Heikkala

Mikkola²,

Jokelainen

et al. 2021

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D), with its prevalence and disability-causing nature, is a challenge for primary health care. Most patients with T2D are multimorbid, i.e. have one or more long-term diseases in addition to T2D. Multimorbidity may play a role in the achievement of T2D treatment targets, but is still not fully understood. The aims of the present cross-sectional, register-based study were to evaluate the prevalence and the most common patterns of multimorbidity among patients with T2D; and to study the potential associations between multimorbidity and treatment goal achievement, including measurements of glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and systolic blood pressure (sBP). Methods The study population consisted of 4545 primary care patients who received a T2D diagnosis between January 2011 and July 2019 in Rovaniemi Health Centre, Finland. Data on seven long-term concordant (T2D-related) diseases, eight long-term discordant (non-T2D-related) diseases, potential confounders (age, sex, body mass index, prescribed medication), and the outcomes studied were collected from patients’ records. Logistic regression models with odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed to determine the associations between multimorbidity and the achievement of treatment targets. Results Altogether, 93 % of the patients had one or more diseases in addition to T2D, i.e. were considered multimorbid. Furthermore, 21 % had only concordant disease(s) (Concordant subgroup), 8 % had only discordant disease(s) (Discordant subgroup) and 64 % had both (Concordant and discordant subgroup). As either single diseases or in combination with others, hypertension, musculoskeletal (MS) disease and hyperlipidaemia were the most prevalent multimorbidity patterns. Being multimorbid in general (OR 1.32, CI 1.01–1.70) and belonging to the Concordant (OR 1.45, CI 1.08–1.95) and Concordant and discordant (OR 1.31, CI 1.00–1.72) subgroups was associated with achievement of the HbA1c treatment target. Belonging to the Concordant and discordant subgroup was related to meeting the LDL treatment target (OR 1.31, CI 1.00–1.72). Conclusions Multimorbidity, including cardiovascular risk and the musculoskeletal disease burden, was extremely prevalent among the T2D patients who consulted primary health care. Primary care clinicians should survey the possible co-existence of long-term diseases among T2D patients to help maintain adequate treatment of T2D.

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Detection and prevalence of depression among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending non-communicable diseases clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eastern Sudan

Prevalence of depression and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in eastern Sudan

Burden of chronic disease comorbidities among cancer patients at Queen Elizabeth and Kamuzu Central Hospitals in Malawi: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Multimorbidity and achievement of treatment goals among patients with type 2 diabetes: a primary care, real-world study

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