Detection COVID-19 of CT-Scan Image for Hospitalized Iraqi Patients based on Deep Learning

Abstract

Due to the conditions in which countries experienced the outbreak of the Coronavirus and our problem in diagnosing the disease, some of them relied on swabs to know if a person was infected, and also their dependence on symptoms such as temperature, rapid heartbeat, pressure, coughing and other symptoms similar to the normal flu, but this method is failure sometimes, therefore it was the best way for early detection and diagnosis of cases of COVID- 19, as well as the accurate segregation of non-COVID-19 patients at cost and in the early stages of the disease, is a major difficulty in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Although widely used in diagnostic centres, radiation-based diagnostic techniques have drawbacks when it comes to disease newness. As a result, deep learning models are commonly used for X-ray interpretation by medical and computational researchers. Deep learning models can identify COVID-19, a critical task for treatment options based on diagnostic data these days. On the other hand, advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, and medical imaging methods enable outstanding performance, especially in detection, classification, and segmentation issues. These advances have allowed clinicians to more accurately monitor the human body, improving diagnosis and non-surgical patient examination. There are a variety of imaging methods that can be used to identify COVID-19, but we choose to use computerized tomography (CT) because it is the most commonly used. In addition, to detect COVID-19, we use a deep learning model based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Two samples of the tested data were used, where one of these data was collected from Al-Karkh Hospital in Baghdad, which consisted of 40 people, samples were taken according to their critical condition. The system was trained and tested on the basis of this dataset, where we used CNN three times, once to extract the feature and twice for the classification process. The results showed that the accuracy of the system reaches 100% because this system depends on the Bayes rule and it is not possible error.

Design and Analysis of a Deep Learning Ensemble Framework Model for the Detection of COVID-19 and Pneumonia Using Large-Scale CT Scan and X-ray Image Datasets

“…Compared to ML algorithms, the suggested CNN is more efficient (KNN, SVM, DT, etc.) [ 34 , 35 ]. COVID-19 may be identified using DL techniques, a crucial task for treatment possibilities identified based on data these days.…”

Creation of wormholes during the cosmological bounce

“…Therefore, if WEC is assumed to be satisfied then wormholes can be realized only by virtue of modification of field equations for gravity. Numerous realizations of such wormhole solutions not requiring the WEC violation were extensively studied in the literature [41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60]. One special case of potential wormhole solutions supported by modified gravity are "small cosmological wormholes", an approximate type of solution where for a large enough distance from the wormhole throat the spacetime geometry can be described by the standard cosmological FLRW metric [61].…”