Detection of a Bovine Group C Rotavirus from Adult Cows with Diarrhea and Reduced Milk Production

Mawatari, Takahiro; Taneichi, Atsushi; Kawagoe, Takashi; Hosokawa, Mie; Togashi, Katsuhiro; Tsunemitsu, Hiroshi

doi:10.1292/jvms.66.887

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…After its discovery in swine population (Saif et al 1980), RVC has been detected in human, ferret, mink, cattle and dog from many countries (Torres-Medina 1987;Tsunemitsu et al 1991;Saif and Jiang 1994;Otto et al 1999;Mawatari et al 2004;Wise et al 2009;Marton et al 2015). It is now a well-established etiological agent of diarrheal outbreaks for neonatal and adult gastroenteritis (Araujo et al 2011;Kumazaki and Usuku 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected detection of porcine rotavirus C strains carrying human origin VP6 gene

Kattoor

Saurabh

Malik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Background: Rotavirus C (RVC), a known etiological agent of diarrheal outbreaks, mainly inflicts swine population globally with sporadic incidence in human, cattle, ferret, mink and dog. Objective: To demonstrate the presence of RVC in Indian swine population and characterization of its selected structural (VP6) and non-structural (NSP4 and NSP5) genes. Methods: A total of 108 diarrheic samples from different regions of India were used. Isolated RNA was loaded onto polyacrylamide gel to screen for the presence of RVs through the identification of specific electrophoretic genomic migration pattern. To characterize the RVC strains, VP6 gene and NSP4 and NSP5 genes were amplified, sequenced and analyzed. Results: Based on VP6 gene specific diagnostic RT-PCR, the presence of RVC was confirmed in 12.0% (13/108) piglet fecal specimens. The nucleotide sequence analysis of VP6 gene, encoding inner capsid protein, from selected porcine RVC (PoRVC) strains revealed more than 93% homologies to human RVC strains (HuRVC) of Eurasian origin. These strains were distant from hitherto reported PoRVCs and clustered with HuRVCs, owning I2 genotype. However, the two non-structural genes, i.e. NSP4 and NSP5, of these strains were found to be of swine type, signifying a re-assortment event that has occurred in the Indian swine population. Conclusion:The findings indicate the presence of human-like RVC in Indian pigs and division of RVC clade with I2 genotype into further sub-clades. To the best of our knowledge, this appears to be the first report of RVC in Indian swine population. Incidence of human-like RVC VP6 gene in swine supports its subsequent zoonotic prospective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected detection of porcine rotavirus C strains carrying human origin VP6 gene

Kattoor

Saurabh

Malik

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…The porcine GCRVs exhibit a variety of VP7 genotypes (G1, G3, G5, and G6), while the bovine strains identified to date are G2 and the human strains are G4 (22,28,29,33,34,47,48).…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection and Characterization of Group C Rotaviruses in Asymptomatic Piglets in Ireland

2008

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Group C rotaviruses are important human enteric pathogens that have also been detected in a variety of mammalian species, including pigs. Group C rotaviruses have been identified in piglets with diarrhea, but their ecology remains to be elucidated. By screening of 292 fecal samples collected from 4-to 5-week-old asymptomatic pigs from four herds in Ireland between 2005 and 2007, 13 (4.4%) samples tested positive by reverse transcription-PCR for group C rotavirus. Group A rotaviruses were also detected in 19 samples but not in conjunction with group C viruses. The gene encoding the major group C neutralization antigen, the outer capsid protein VP7, was sequenced. The majority of the strains were very closely related to each other (>99% amino acid [aa] identity) and were characterized as genogroup G1 since they were genetically related to the prototype porcine strain Cowden (92.6% aa identity). Conversely, two strains (1GA/05/Cork/Ire and 281/07/ Dublin/Ire) were characterized as genogroup G6 since they displayed the highest identity (89.2 to 94.0% aa) to porcine G6 strains (43/06-22-like). Unexpectedly, one such G6 strain, 1GA/05/Cork/Ire, lacked the 4-aa insertion in the VP7 variable region VR8 found in all the other G6 group C rotaviruses. This study provides evidence that porcine group C rotavirus may be detected not infrequently in asymptomatic piglets. In addition, it provides evidence that, unlike the human viruses, porcine group C rotaviruses display broad genetic heterogeneity, which may pose a challenge for the development of prophylactic tools.

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“…Group A rotavirus has been tentatively proposed as playing a major role on the etiology WD (Sato et al 1997), but reports on adult bovine symptomatically infected by rotaviruses are scarce. Groups B and C rotaviruses have also been detected in fecal specimens of cows with WD, but at low frequencies (Parwani et al 1996, Chang et al 1997, Mawatari et al 2004.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the etiology of an outbreak of winter dysentery in dairy cows in Brazil

Brandão¹,

Villarreal²,

Gregori³

et al. 2007

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Winter dysentery (WD) is a seasonal infectious disease described worldwide that causes a marked decrease in milk production in dairy cows. In the Northern hemisphere, where the disease is classically recognized, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) has been assigned as a major etiologic agent of the disease. Nonetheless, in the Southern hemisphere, an in-deep etiological survey on WD cases had not been carried out. This study aimed to survey for BCoV by nested-RT-PCR, rotavirus by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and ELISA, bacteria by classical bacteriological methods and PCR for virulence factors and parasites by sugar flotation test on fecal samples of 21 cows from a farm during an outbreak of WD in São Paulo state, Southeastern Brazil. BCoV was detected in all 21 samples, while rotavirus was detected in two symptomatic cows. Escherichia coli, Yersinia intermedia, Providencia rustigianii Proteus penneri, Klebsiella terrigena and Enterobacter aglomerans were detected in samples from both asymptomatic and healthy cows in different associations. The study of E. coli virulence factors revealed that the strains isolated were all apathogenic. Cysts of Eimeria sp. and eggs of Strongyloidea were detected at low numbers in four of the symptomatic cows, with one co-infestation. These results suggest BCoV as the main etiologic agent of the cases of WD in Brazil, a conclusion that, with the clinical and epidemiological patterns of the disease studied herein, match those already described elsewhere. These findings give basis to the development of preventive measures and contribute to the understanding of the etiology of WD.

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Detection of a Bovine Group C Rotavirus from Adult Cows with Diarrhea and Reduced Milk Production

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Unexpected detection of porcine rotavirus C strains carrying human origin VP6 gene

Unexpected detection of porcine rotavirus C strains carrying human origin VP6 gene

Detection and Characterization of Group C Rotaviruses in Asymptomatic Piglets in Ireland

On the etiology of an outbreak of winter dysentery in dairy cows in Brazil

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