Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran

Saki, Jasem; Zamanpour, Maryam; Najafian, Mahin; Mohammadpour, Niloofar; Foroutan, Masoud

doi:10.1155/2021/6693070

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…According to results of ELISA test, toxoplasma caused abortion in the first trimester in rate of 68% (34 out of 50). This result agreed with result of Saki, et al (2021) and; Kalantari et al (2021) who show that toxoplasma is the mean caused of abortion in the first trimester. From (Table 1) showed that the age groups 25-30 and 31-35 are the most sensitive group this result agreed with Kheirandish et al (2019); Motoi et al (2020).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Estimation of the Levels of some Immunological Markers in Aborted Women Infected with Toxoplasma gondii at Baghdad City

Ahmed¹,

Khalaf²,

Jafar³

et al. 2023

RJS

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Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasites among humans worldwide, as serological studies indicate that more than one third of the population of the world is infected with this parasite. This parasite is one of the main causes of abortion in pregnant women which mainly occur in the acute phase of infection and in early pregnancy. The present study aimed to detect toxoplasma among pregnant women and its relationship with some immunological markers. Fifty blood samples (5ml) were collected from aborted woman (within 15 days after abortion) and 10 blood samples collected from healthy woman as control. The serums were used to evaluate IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ. The results showed that toxoplasma caused abortion in the first trimester in rate of 68%. The majority of aborted women (76%) were at age group 25-30 years. As for immunological parameters, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ significantly increased in woman aborted with toxoplasmosis in compare with healthy woman. The parameters were also higher among toxoplasma positive patients when compared with aborted women with other cause but these increases in the immunological parameters were not significant. The study conclude that toxoplasma is still the main causes of abortion in women and it associated with significant increase in immunological markers represented by IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Estimation of the Levels of some Immunological Markers in Aborted Women Infected with Toxoplasma gondii at Baghdad City

Ahmed¹,

Khalaf²,

Jafar³

et al. 2023

RJS

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“…Moreover, the results of this study reveal a highly significant difference in IgM seropositivity between women with a history of abortions and those without. This finding is in line with studies that demonstrated the presence of high seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies among women with a history of repeated abortions [26,30,43,[55][56][57], while some studies didn't report any significant association between anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies and abortion [21,58]. Associating toxoplasmosis with recurrent abortions poses challenges as it would require a large cohort of women with toxoplasmosis to assess the incidence, otherwise unexplained recurrent abortions compared to controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Similarly, being in contact with cats did not show any correlation with T. gondii IgG seropositivity among healthy blood donors in Iran [ 40 , 41 ]. Moreover, data from previous studies indicated a non-significant correlation between a "history of abortion" [ 42 , 43 ] or regularly consuming restaurant food [ 40 , 44 ] and chronic toxoplasmosis infection in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors Among Women in Zakho City, Iraq

Mustafa,

Mohammed,

Mero

2024

Cureus

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Toxoplasmosis, an infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, poses varying degrees of risk, ranging from asymptomatic cases in immunocompetent individuals to severe, life-threatening conditions in immunocompromised individuals and developing fetuses, especially when infection occurs during early pregnancy. While the disease is endemic in Iraq, there is a notable lack of precise information regarding its seroprevalence among females of childbearing age and pregnant women, along with associated risk factors in the Zakho district. This cross-sectional study aimed to address this gap by determining the prevalence of anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using the ELISA assay. The study involved 610 females aged 18-79 years from various residential areas within Zakho district, Iraq. The findings revealed a seroprevalence of 32.46% for anti- Toxoplasma IgG antibodies and 8.86% for IgM antibodies. Significant variations in IgG antibody seroprevalence were observed across different age groups (P=0.008), with the highest prevalence noted among those aged 46-55 years (47.73%). Conversely, IgM antibody seroprevalence, while non-significant (P>0.05), displayed the highest rate of 10.05% among ages 18-25 years. The study identified residence as a variable significantly associated with toxoplasmosis. Additionally, contact with cats, marital status, a history of abortion, and the consumption of homemade food showed significant associations with anti- Toxoplasma IgM antibodies only. These findings strongly suggest that Toxoplasma gondii is a prevalent causative agent of infection in Zakho city, Iraq. This study contributes valuable insights into the seroprevalence and associated risk factors, providing a foundation for targeted interventions and further research in this region.

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“…The dissimilarities in the demographic characteristics, nutritional habits, socioeconomic status, and public awareness of toxoplasmosis may have led to the corresponding discrepancies observed in these studies compared to the current study. According to the phases of toxoplasmosis, the current study revealed similar findings to those observed by Saki et al 32 ; in particular, Saki et al 32 reported that the seroprevalence rates of recent and past infections were 22.7% and 77.3%, respectively. Further, Alver et al 33 showed an agreement with the current study by determining that the prevalence of recent toxoplasmosis infections was 27.6%, while the prevalence of past infections with toxoplasmosis was 60.1%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Detection of Toxoplasmosis in Association with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy in Duhok, Iraq

Murad¹,

Eassa²

2023

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is widely distributed in the human population and is responsible for corresponding global morbidity. Specifically, T. gondii causes toxoplasmosis, leading to miscarriage, stillbirth, and neural disorders. This parasite attacks different human organs and glands, such as the thyroid gland, and causes various corresponding health issues. Recently, studies have established a link between T. gondii and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), which contributes to preterm delivery, miscarriage, low birth weight, and death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its association with AITD among pregnant women. A total of 180 blood samples were collected from pregnant women and examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The patients were within the age range of 15–50 years old, and lived in Duhok City, Iraq; samples and clinical information was collected from August 2021 to February 2022. The corresponding blood samples were tested for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody, Toxoplasma IgG avidity, FT3, FT4, and TSH hormones, and TPO, Tg, and TSHR antibodies. Overall, our results showed that out of 180 pregnant women, 110 (61.1%) were seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody; specifically, 25 (22.7%) and 85 (77.3%) had recent and past infections, respectively. Approximately 54.4% (98) of the pregnant women had thyroid disorders; further, 22 (12.2%), 13 (7.2%), and 8 (4.4%) women had TPO, Tg, and TSHR antibodies, respectively. A total of 43 (23.8%) patients screened positive for AITD. Out of the 110 Toxoplasma IgG–positive women, 35 (31.8%) had AITD. The older women, rural residents, restaurant food consumers, and women with cat contact had relatively high infection rates. Toxoplasma seropositive women had more elevated autoantibodies than seronegative ones. In conclusion, this study demonstrated a high rate of toxoplasmosis and a corresponding association with thyroid hormones changes and AITD in pregnant women in Duhok, Iraq. Further, it is necessary to reduce overall infection rates through effective health and educational programs. Therefore, it is essential to measure Toxoplasma antibodies, screen for thyroid hormones and autoantibodies, and encourage gynecologist visits to reduce the risks to mothers and fetuses.

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Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Estimation of the Levels of some Immunological Markers in Aborted Women Infected with Toxoplasma gondii at Baghdad City

Estimation of the Levels of some Immunological Markers in Aborted Women Infected with Toxoplasma gondii at Baghdad City

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors Among Women in Zakho City, Iraq

Detection of Toxoplasmosis in Association with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy in Duhok, Iraq

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