Detection of African swine fever virus genomic <scp>dna</scp> in a Nigerian red river hog (<i>Potamochoerus porcus</i>)

Luther, NJ; Majiyagbe, KA; Shamaki, David; Lombin, LH; Antiagbong, J. F.; Bitrus, Y.; Owolodun, Olajide Adewale

doi:10.1136/vr.160.2.58

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The detection and characterisation of ASF viruses from a wild suid, the red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus) in this study, verifies and expands on the first report of ASFV in a captive wildlife species that was based on molecular detection of viral genomic DNA [6]. Although we found no evidence of ASFV in the two warthogs sampled in northern Nigeria, elsewhere in the country, ASFV DNA was detected and amplified by PCR in a warthog [7], suggesting possible circulation in the traditional sylvatic vertebrate host, for which there was previously no evidence of involvement in West Africa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In spite of the presence of representatives of both genera in some affected countries in West Africa [5], neither species appears to play an equivalent role in the epidemiology of the disease in this region of Africa to which ASF has been introduced. The possibility of spill-over from domestic pigs to both bush pigs and warthogs in Nigeria has however been raised following recent molecular confirmation of ASF virus genome presence in both species [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterisation of African swine fever viruses from Nigeria (2003–2006) recovers multiple virus variants and reaffirms CVR epidemiological utility

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of African swine fever viruses from Nigeria (2003–2006) recovers multiple virus variants and reaffirms CVR epidemiological utility

et al. 2010

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“…Their involvement as free-living hosts of ASFV has been demonstrated under experimental Oura et al 1998) and natural conditions in eastern (De Tray 1963), southern (Mansveld 1963) and West Africa (Luther et al 2007b). When challenged with ASFV, bushpigs develop sufficient levels of viraemia to infect Ornithodoros spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of African Swine Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

African swine fever: how can global spread be prevented?

Costard

Wieland

Glanville

et al. 2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

434

407

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African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating haemorrhagic fever of pigs with mortality rates approaching 100 per cent. It causes major economic losses, threatens food security and limits pig production in affected countries. ASF is caused by a large DNA virus, African swine fever virus (ASFV). There is no vaccine against ASFV and this limits the options for disease control. ASF has been confined mainly to sub-Saharan Africa, where it is maintained in a sylvatic cycle and/or among domestic pigs. Wildlife hosts include wild suids and arthropod vectors. The relatively small numbers of incursions to other continents have proven to be very difficult to eradicate. Thus, ASF remained endemic in the Iberian peninsula until the mid-1990s following its introductions in 1957 and 1960 and the disease has remained endemic in Sardinia since its introduction in 1982. ASF has continued to spread within Africa to previously uninfected countries, including recently the Indian Ocean islands of Madagascar and Mauritius. Given the continued occurrence of ASF in sub-Saharan Africa and increasing global movements of people and products, it is not surprising that further transcontinental transmission has occurred. The introduction of ASF to Georgia in the Caucasus in 2007 and dissemination to neighbouring countries emphasizes the global threat posed by ASF and further increases the risks to other countries. We review the mechanisms by which ASFV is maintained within wildlife and domestic pig populations and how it can be transmitted. We then consider the risks for global spread of ASFV and discuss possibilities of how disease can be prevented.

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“…A few decades later, virus was isolated from several bushpigs in the same country (De Tray, 1963) and, more recently, detected by PCR in the Red River hog in West Africa (Luther et al, 2007). Therefore, both species have been reported as being naturally infected with ASFV in East and West Africa.…”

Section: Asymptomatic Carrier Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lesions found at postmortem are typical of ASF, and virus can be detected in tissues and blood. With respect to wild African suids, virus isolation (De Tray, 1963), together with PCR (Luther et al, 2007) and immunohistochemistry (Oura et al, 1998), have been the primary means of detecting the virus in bushpigs. Serology is not the method of choice for detecting ASF in bushpigs.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Asf In Wild Suidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Wild Suids in the Epidemiology of African Swine Fever

2009

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There is presently no vaccine to combat African swine fever (ASF), a viral hemorrhagic fever of domestic pigs that causes up to 100% morbidity and mortality in naive, commercial pig populations. In its endemic setting, ASF virus cycles between asymptomatic warthogs and soft ticks, with persistence in exotic locations being ascribed to the almost global distribution of susceptible soft tick and suid hosts. An understanding of the role played by diverse hosts in the epidemiology of this multi-host disease is crucial for effective disease control. Unlike the intensively studied Ornithodoros tick vector, the role of many wild suids remains obscure, despite growing recognition for suid-exclusive virus cycling, without the agency of the argasid tick, at some localities. Because the four wild suid genera, Phacochoerus, Potamochoerus, Hylochoerus, and Sus differ from each other in taxonomy, distribution, ecology, reservoir host potential, virus shedding, ASF symptomology, and domestic-pig contact potential, their role in disease epidemiology is also varied. This first consolidated summary of ASF epidemiology in relation to wild suids summarizes current knowledge and identifies information gaps and future research priorities crucial for formulating effective disease control strategies.

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Detection of African swine fever virus genomic dna in a Nigerian red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus)

Abstract: FIG 1: PCR analysis of DNA extracted from tissue samples from a red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus), showing a single, specific band for all five tissue types (lanes 1 to 5) when measured against a 50 base pair molecular weight marker (lane M).

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Molecular characterisation of African swine fever viruses from Nigeria (2003–2006) recovers multiple virus variants and reaffirms CVR epidemiological utility

Molecular characterisation of African swine fever viruses from Nigeria (2003–2006) recovers multiple virus variants and reaffirms CVR epidemiological utility

African swine fever: how can global spread be prevented?

Role of Wild Suids in the Epidemiology of African Swine Fever

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